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Pixel size adjustment in coherent diffractive imaging within the Rayleigh-Sommerfeld regime

机译：Rayleigh-Sommerfeld体制内相干衍射成像中的像素大小调整

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摘要

The reconstruction of the smallest resolvable object detail in digital holography and coherent diffractive imaging when the detector is mounted close to the object of interest is restricted by the sensor's pixel size. Very high resolution information is intrinsically encoded in the data because the effective numerical aperture (NA) of the detector (its solid angular size as subtended at the object plane) is very high. The correct physical propagation model to use in the reconstruction process for this setup should be based on the Rayleigh-Sommerfeld diffraction integral, which is commonly implemented via a convolution operation. However, the convolution operation has the drawback that the pixel size of the propagation calculation is preserved between the object and the detector, and so the maximum resolution of the reconstruction is limited by the detector pixel size, not its effective NA. Here we show that this problem can be overcome via the introduction of a numerical spherical lens with adjustable magnification. This approach enables the reconstruction of object details smaller than the detector pixel size or of objects that extend beyond the size of the detector. It will have applications in all forms of near-field lensless microscopy. (C) 2015 Optical Society of America
机译：当探测器安装在目标物体附近时，数字全息术和相干衍射成像中最小的可分辨物体细节的重建受传感器像素尺寸的限制。由于检测器的有效数值孔径（NA）（其在物平面处的立体角大小）非常高，因此非常高分辨率的信息会固有地编码在数据中。在此设置的重建过程中使用的正确物理传播模型应基于瑞利-索默菲尔德衍射积分，该积分通常是通过卷积运算实现的。但是，卷积运算的缺点是，传播计算的像素大小保留在对象和检测器之间，因此重建的最大分辨率受检测器像素大小限制，而不是其有效NA限制。在这里，我们表明可以通过引入可调节放大率的数值球面透镜来克服此问题。该方法使得能够重建小于检测器像素尺寸的物体细节或延伸超出检测器尺寸的物体。它将在各种形式的近场无透镜显微镜中得到应用。 （C）2015年美国眼镜学会

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