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首页> 外文期刊>Centaurus: International Magazine of the History of Sciences and Medicine >Between the local and the global: History of science in the European periphery meets post-colonial studies
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Between the local and the global: History of science in the European periphery meets post-colonial studies

机译：在本地与全球之间：欧洲边缘地区的科学史与后殖民研究相遇

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The aim of this paper is to discuss two historiographical issues pertaining to the history of science in the European periphery. The first issue concerns the wide use of the centre-periphery dichotomy in historical accounts discussing the diffusion and institutionalization of science across the world. The second issue concerns the use of appropriation (instead of transfer, or adaptation) as a means to overcome the diffusionist model in history of science. Recent work at the intersection of history of science with post-colonial studies will provide the framework for reassessing these matters. As it will be shown, theoretical discussions about the history of science in post-colonial context can help historians overcome the centre-periphery dichotomy and turn European periphery into a privileged standpoint for showing the actual diversity of 'European science.' At the same time, the experience of post-colonial studies can also help sharpen the historiographical tool of appropriation. The assumption that will be made is that by focusing on appropriation rather than on discovery and innovation (the favourite categories of much of mainstream historiography), or on transfer and adaptation (the favourite categories of the diffusionist model), historians of science can not only set aside the artificial distinctions of the diffusionist model, but also bring forward the re-inventions, the conceptual shifts and the cultural adjustments, which are responsible for the emergence of science as a global phenomenon in the periphery. Especially concerning European periphery, the use of appropriation may bring forward the particular historical circumstances under which certain knowledge patterns gained universal epistemic authority as constitutive elements of an imagined European intellectual identity.
机译：本文的目的是讨论与欧洲外围科学史有关的两个史学问题。第一个问题涉及中心-外围二分法在历史记录中的广泛使用，讨论了科学在世界范围内的传播和制度化。第二个问题涉及使用拨款（而不是转移或适应）作为克服科学史上的扩散主义模型的手段。科学史与后殖民研究的交汇处的最新工作将为重新评估这些问题提供框架。正如将显示的那样，在后殖民时代背景下对科学历史的理论讨论可以帮助历史学家克服中心-外围二分法，并使欧洲外围成为显示“欧洲科学”实际多样性的特权立场。同时，后殖民研究的经验也可以帮助加强拨款的历史学工具。将要做出的假设是，通过关注拨款而不是发现和创新（许多主流史学的最喜欢的类别）或转移和适应（扩散论模型的最喜欢的类别），科学史学家不仅可以抛开了扩散论模型的人为区别，但也提出了重新发明，概念上的转变和文化上的调整，这是造成科学作为一种全球现象在外围出现的原因。特别是在欧洲外围地区，使用挪用权可能会提出特定的历史情况，在这种情况下，某些知识模式获得了普遍的认知权威，这是想象中的欧洲知识分子的构成要素。

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