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首页> 外文期刊>Critical care nursing quarterly >Clinical issues in the care of critically ill diabetic patients.
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Clinical issues in the care of critically ill diabetic patients.

机译：重症糖尿病患者护理中的临床问题。

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摘要

Critically ill patients with a preexisting diagnosis of diabetes mellitus are very common and they have several inherent disorders that make their ICU care challenging. There is increasing evidence that hyperglycemia is all too common in the critically ill and that improved glucose control at presentation and during an ICU stay improves mortality. Glucose control after acute myocardial infarction and coronary artery bypass grafting in particular affects patient outcome and mortality. Diabetic patients are more prone to several medical problems that can predispose them to critical illness, prolong hospitalization, and increase mortality. Delayed gastric emptying and altered metabolism that affect medication dosing, absorption, and efficacy are common in this population. In addition, many patients with diabetes have renal dysfunction that can cause difficulties with drug excretion and glucose monitoring. Finally, patients with diabetes have an increased rate and severity of life-threatening infections and venous thromboembolism than do patients with normal glucose metabolism. There are many treatment options for patients with diabetes, and hyperglycemia in the ICU should be corrected in order to avoid adverse outcomes.
机译：先前诊断为糖尿病的重症患者非常常见，并且有几种固有的疾病，使他们的ICU护理面临挑战。越来越多的证据表明，高血糖症在重症患者中太常见了，并且在出诊时和在ICU住院期间改善血糖控制可以提高死亡率。急性心肌梗塞和冠状动脉搭桥术后的血糖控制尤其会影响患者的预后和死亡率。糖尿病患者更容易出现一些医学问题，这些疾病可能使他们患上重病，延长住院时间并增加死亡率。胃排空延迟和新陈代谢改变会影响药物的剂量，吸收和功效，在该人群中很常见。此外，许多糖尿病患者患有肾功能不全，可能导致药物排泄和血糖监测困难。最后，与葡萄糖代谢正常的患者相比，糖尿病患者的危及生命的感染和静脉血栓栓塞的发生率和严重性更高。糖尿病患者有多种治疗选择，应纠正ICU中的高血糖症以避免不良后果。

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