Emission properties of hydrothermal Yb~(3+), Er~(3+) and Yb~(3+), Tm~(3+)-codoped Lu_2O_3 nanorods: Upconversion, cathodoluminescence and assessment of waveguide behavior

Barrera E.W.; Pujol M.C.; Díaz F.; Choi S.B.; Rotermund F.; Park K.H.; Jeong M.S.; Cascales C.

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Emission properties of hydrothermal Yb~(3+), Er~(3+) and Yb~(3+), Tm~(3+)-codoped Lu_2O_3 nanorods: Upconversion, cathodoluminescence and assessment of waveguide behavior

机译：热液Yb〜（3 +），Er〜（3+）和Yb〜（3 +），Tm〜（3+）掺杂的Lu_2O_3纳米棒的发射特性：上转换，阴极发光和波导性能评估

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Yb~(3+) and Ln~(3+) (Ln~(3+) = Er~(3+) or Tm~(3+)) codoped Lu_2O_3 nanorods with cubic Ia 3? symmetry have been prepared by low temperature hydrothermal procedures, and their luminescence properties and waveguide behavior analyzed by means of scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM). Room temperature upconversion (UC) under excitation at 980 nm and cathodoluminescence (CL) spectra were studied as a function of the Yb~+ concentration in the prepared nanorods. UC spectra revealed the strong development of Er~(3+4)F_(9/2) → ~4I_(15/2) (red) and Tm~(3+1)G_4 → ~3H_6 (blue) bands, which became the pre-eminent and even unique emissions for corresponding nanorods with the higher Yb~(3+) concentration. Favored by the presence of large phonons in current nanorods, UC mechanisms that privilege the population of ~4F_(9/2) and ~1G_4 emitting levels through phonon-assisted energy transfer and non-radiative relaxations account for these observed UC luminescence features. CL spectra show much more moderate development of the intensity ratio between the Er ~(3+4)F_(9/2) → ~4I_(15/2) (red) and ~2H_(11/2), ~4S_(3/2) → ~4I_(15/2) (green) emissions with the increase in the Yb ~(3+) content, while for Yb~(3+), Tm~(3+)-codoped Lu_2O_3 nanorods the dominant CL emission is Tm~(3+1)D_2 → ~3F_4 (deep-blue). Uniform light emission along Yb~(3+), Er~(3+)-codoped Lu _2O_3 rods has been observed by using SNOM photoluminescence images; however, the rods seem to be too thin for propagation of light.

机译：Yb〜（3+）和Ln〜（3+）（Ln〜（3+）= Er〜（3+）或Tm〜（3+））共掺杂了具有立方Ia 3的Lu_2O_3纳米棒。通过低温水热法制备了对称的，并通过扫描近场光学显微镜（SNOM）分析了它们的发光特性和波导行为。研究了在980 nm激发下室温上转换（UC）和阴极发光（CL）光谱与制备的纳米棒中Yb〜+浓度的关系。 UC光谱显示Er〜（3 + 4）F_（9/2）→〜4I_（15/2）（红色）和Tm〜（3 + 1）G_4→〜3H_6（蓝色）的强烈发展，成为具有较高Yb〜（3+）浓度的相应纳米棒的卓越甚至独特的发射。受当前纳米棒中大声子的存在的影响，UC机制通过声子辅助的能量转移和非辐射弛豫使〜4F_（9/2）和〜1G_4发射能级的人口优先，这说明了这些观察到的UC发光特征。 CL光谱显示Er〜（3 + 4）F_（9/2）→〜4I_（15/2）（红色）和〜2H_（11/2），〜4S_（3 / 2）→〜4I_（15/2）（绿色）随着Yb〜（3+）含量的增加而发射，而对于Yb〜（3 +），Tm〜（3+）掺杂的Lu_2O_3纳米棒占主导地位。发射是Tm〜（3 + 1）D_2→〜3F_4（深蓝色）。利用SNOM光致发光图像观察到沿Yb〜（3 +），Er〜（3+）掺杂的Lu _2O_3棒均匀发光。但是，这些棒似乎太细了，无法传播光。

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《Nanotechnology》 |2011年第7期|共15页
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Barrera E.W.; Pujol M.C.; Díaz F.; Choi S.B.; Rotermund F.; Park K.H.; Jeong M.S.; Cascales C.;
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1. Emission properties of hydrothermal Yb~(3+), Er~(3+) and Yb~(3+), Tm~(3+)-codoped Lu_2O_3 nanorods: Upconversion, cathodoluminescence and assessment of waveguide behavior [J] . Barrera E.W., Pujol M.C., Díaz F., Nanotechnology . 2011,第7期

机译：热液Yb〜（3 +），Er〜（3+）和Yb〜（3 +），Tm〜（3+）掺杂的Lu_2O_3纳米棒的发射特性：上转换，阴极发光和波导性能评估
2. Facile Synthesis and Luminescence Properties of Y_2O_3:Ln~(3+) (Ln~(3+) = Eu~(3+), Tb~(3+), Dy~(3+), Sm~(3+), Er~(3+), Ho~(3+), Tm~(3+), Yb~(3+)/Er~(3+), Yb~(3+)/Tm~(3+), Yb~(3+)/Ho~(3+)) Microspheres [J] . Zhenhe Xu, Qian Zhao, Baoyi Ren, Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology . 2014,第8期

机译：Y_2O_3：Ln〜（3+）（Ln〜（3+）= Eu〜（3+），Tb〜（3+），Dy〜（3+），Sm〜（3+），的简便合成与发光性质Er〜（3 +），Ho〜（3 +），Tm〜（3 +），Yb〜（3 +）/ Er〜（3 +），Yb〜（3 +）/ Tm〜（3 +），Yb 〜（3 +）/ Ho〜（3+））微球
3. Up-conversion emission in KGd(WO_4)_2 single crystals triply-doped with Er~(3+)/Yb~(3+)/Tm~(3+), Tb~(3+)/Yb~(3+)/Tm~(3+) and Pr~(3+)/Yb~(3+)/Tm~(3+) ions [J] . D. Kasprowicz, M.G. Brik, A. Majchrowski, Optical Materials . 2011,第11期

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4. Highly sensitive optical thermometry based on the upconversion fluorescence from Yb~(3+)/Er~(3+) codoped La_2(WO_4)_3:Yb~(3+) ,Er~(3+) phosphor [C] . Yan-min Yang, Chao Mi International conference on optical instruments and technology . 2013

机译：基于Yb〜（3 +）/ Er〜（3+）共掺杂La_2（WO_4）_3：Yb〜（3+），Er〜（3+）荧光粉上转换荧光的高灵敏光学测温
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6. Effect of Mn2+ on Upconversion Emission, Thermal Sensing and Optical Heater Behavior of Yb3+ - Er3+ Codoped NaGdF4 Nanophosphors [O] . Qinping Qiang, Yuhua Wang 1970

机译：Mn2 +对Yb3 +-Er3 +共掺杂NaGdF4纳米磷光体上转换发射，热敏和光学加热器行为的影响
7. Near infrared emission and multicolor tunability of enhanced upconversion emission from Er 3+ –Yb 3+ co-doped Nb 2 O 5 nanocrystals embedded in silica-based nanocomposite and planar waveguides for photonics [O] . Felipe Thomaz Aquino, Jefferson Luis Ferrari, Lauro June Queiroz Maia, 2016

机译：ER 3+ -YB 3+共掺杂Nb 2 O 5纳米晶体从基于二氧化硅的纳米复合材料和平面波导的近红外发射和多色可调节性的近红外发射和多色可调节性和用于光子的平面波导

Emission properties of hydrothermal Yb~(3+), Er~(3+) and Yb~(3+), Tm~(3+)-codoped Lu_2O_3 nanorods: Upconversion, cathodoluminescence and assessment of waveguide behavior

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