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Development of titanium-dioxide-based aerogel catalyst with tunable nanoporosity and photocatalytic activity

机译：具有可调的纳米孔隙度和光催化活性的二氧化钛基气凝胶催化剂的开发

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摘要

Nanostructured highly porous TiO _2/WO _3/Fe ~(3+) aerogel composite photocatalysts are prepared, characterized and tested for model photocatalytic reactions. The catalyst structure is tailored to capture environmental pollutants and enable their decomposition insitu under both ultraviolet (UV) and visible light through oxidation to smaller benign molecules. A novel and green method is utilized to prepare the unique surfactant-templated aerogel composite photocatalyst that has a highly accessible porous nanostructure with high surface area and tailored pore size distribution. The sol-gel process is combined with supercritical extraction and drying. Supercritical drying with heat treatment results in titanium dioxide with anatase crystal form. Templates used further enable retention and tuning of the nanopore structure and surface properties. The synthesized catalysts were characterized using SEM, FIB, XRD and porosimetry prior to post-evaluation in model reactions. The bandgap of the catalyst particles was also determined using diffuse reflectance. The resulting aerogel TiO _2/WO _3/Fe ~(3+) has similar photocatalytic capability compared to highly optimized commercial Degussa P25 under UV exposure and offers much superior photocatalytic capability under visible light exposure. The model reaction utilized employed methylene blue (MB) photooxidation under visible and UV light.
机译：制备了纳米结构的高孔隙度TiO _2 / WO _3 / Fe〜（3+）气凝胶复合光催化剂，表征并进行了模型光催化反应的测试。催化剂的结构经过专门设计，可以捕获环境污染物，并通过氧化成较小的良性分子，使其在紫外线（UV）和可见光下都能原位分解。利用一种新颖的绿色方法来制备独特的表面活性剂模板气凝胶复合光催化剂，该催化剂具有高度可及的多孔纳米结构，高表面积和定制的孔径分布。溶胶-凝胶工艺与超临界萃取和干燥相结合。经热处理的超临界干燥产生具有锐钛矿晶体形式的二氧化钛。使用的模板进一步使得能够保留和调节纳米孔的结构和表面性质。在模型反应后评估之前，使用SEM，FIB，XRD和孔隙率法对合成的催化剂进行表征。还使用漫反射率确定催化剂颗粒的带隙。与高度优化的商用Degussa P25在紫外线下暴露相比，所得气凝胶TiO _2 / WO _3 / Fe〜（3+）具有相似的光催化能力，并且在可见光下具有出色的光催化能力。使用的模型反应在可见光和紫外光下采用了亚甲基蓝（MB）光氧化。

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