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Water-soluble graphene grafted by poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) for enhancement of electric capacitance

机译：聚（4-苯乙烯磺酸钠）接枝的水溶性石墨烯增强电容量

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摘要

Water-soluble poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) modified graphene (PSSS-GR) was successfully synthesized via covalently grafting poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSSS) on the surfaces of graphene (GR) nanosheets. The structure of PSSS-GR was investigated with Fourier transform infrared, x-ray photoelectron and Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, transmission and scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The PSSS chains made the GR nanosheets fully exfoliate into a single-layer structure, and the PSSS layer on GR reached 90wt%. PSSS chains displayed mutually repulsive effects on promoting GR sheets that were more stable in water. The performances of supercapacitors made of PSSS-GR and unmodified GR electrodes were compared using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge techniques. The results showed that PSSS is an effective binder for graphene sheets and can increase the specific capacitance of PSSS-GR based supercapacitors and improve their rate capability. The maximum specific capacitance of the PSSS-GR based supercapacitor was 210Fg 1 at 5Ag 1, which was 166% higher than for one made of unmodified graphene electrodes. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy demonstrated fast ion diffusion in the PSSS-GR electrode structure. PSSS-GR based supercapacitors can fulfil one of the essential requirements for potential electric energy storage applications.
机译：通过将聚（4-苯乙烯磺酸钠）（PSSS）共价接枝在石墨烯（GR）纳米片表面上，成功合成了水溶性聚（4-苯乙烯磺酸钠）改性石墨烯（PSSS-GR）。用傅立叶变换红外，X射线光电子和拉曼光谱，热重分析，透射和扫描电子显微镜以及原子力显微镜研究了PSSS-GR的结构。 PSSS链使GR纳米片完全剥落成单层结构，而GR上的PSSS层达到90wt％。 PSSS链对促进在水中更稳定的GR片材表现出相互排斥的作用。使用循环伏安法和恒电流充电/放电技术比较了PSSS-GR和未经修饰的GR电极制成的超级电容器的性能。结果表明，PSSS是石墨烯片的有效粘合剂，可以增加基于PSSS-GR的超级电容器的比电容并提高其倍率性能。基于PSSS-GR的超级电容器在5Ag 1处的最大比电容为210Fg 1，比未修饰的石墨烯电极制成的最大比电容高166％。电化学阻抗谱证明PSSS-GR电极结构中离子快速扩散。基于PSSS-GR的超级电容器可以满足潜在电能存储应用的基本要求之一。

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