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Reassembly of S-layer proteins

机译：S层蛋白的重组

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摘要

Crystalline bacterial cell surface layers (S-layers) represent the outermost cell envelope component in a broad range of bacteria and archaea. They are monomolecular arrays composed of a single protein or glycoprotein species and represent the simplest biological membranes developed during evolution. They are highly porous protein mesh works with unit cell sizes in the range of 3 to 30 nm, and pore sizes of 2 to 8 nm. S-layers are usually 5 to 20 nm thick (in archaea, up to 70 nm). S-layer proteins are one of the most abundant biopolymers on earth. One of their key features, and the focus of this review, is the intrinsic capability of isolated native and recombinant S-layer proteins to form self-assembled mono- or double layers in suspension, at solid supports, the air-water interface, planar lipid films, liposomes, nanocapsules, and nanoparticles. The reassembly is entropy-driven and a fascinating example of matrix assembly following a multistage, non-classical pathway in which the process of S-layer protein folding is directly linked with assembly into extended clusters. Moreover, basic research on the structure, synthesis, genetics, assembly, and function of S-layer proteins laid the foundation for their application in novel approaches in biotechnology, biomimetics, synthetic biology, and nanotechnology.
机译：结晶细菌细胞表面层（S层）代表了广泛的细菌和古细菌中最外层的细胞包膜成分。它们是由单个蛋白质或糖蛋白组成的单分子阵列，代表了进化过程中形成的最简单的生物膜。它们是高度多孔的蛋白质网，单位细胞大小在3至30 nm之间，孔径在2至8 nm之间。 S层通常为5至20 nm厚（在古细菌中，最高70 nm）。 S层蛋白是地球上最丰富的生物聚合物之一。它们的关键特征之一，也是本综述的重点，是分离的天然和重组S层蛋白在固体支持物，空气-水界面，平面上悬浮形成自组装单层或双层悬浮液的固有能力。脂质膜，脂质体，纳米胶囊和纳米颗粒。重组是由熵驱动的，并且是遵循多阶段，非经典途径的矩阵组装的一个引人入胜的例子，在该途径中，S层蛋白质折叠的过程与组装成扩展簇直接相关。此外，对S层蛋白的结构，合成，遗传学，组装和功能的基础研究为它们在生物技术，仿生生物，合成生物学和纳米技术中的新方法应用奠定了基础。

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