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Mechanism of antibacterial activity of copper nanoparticles

机译：铜纳米颗粒的抗菌活性机理

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摘要

In a previous communication, we reported a new method of synthesis of stable metallic copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs), which had high potency for bacterial cell filamentation and cell killing. The present study deals with the mechanism of filament formation and antibacterial roles of Cu-NPs in E. coli cells. Our results demonstrate that NP-mediated dissipation of cell membrane potential was the probable reason for the formation of cell filaments. On the other hand, Cu-NPs were found to cause multiple toxic effects such as generation of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and DNA degradation in E. coli cells. In vitro interaction between plasmid pUC19 DNA and Cu-NPs showed that the degradation of DNA was highly inhibited in the presence of the divalent metal ion chelator EDTA, which indicated a positive role of Cu~(2+) ions in the degradation process. Moreover, the fast destabilization, i.e. the reduction in size, of NPs in the presence of EDTA led us to propose that the nascent Cu ions liberated from the NP surface were responsible for higher reactivity of the CuNPs than the equivalent amount of its precursor CuCl_2; the nascent ions were generated from the oxidation of metallic NPs when they were in the vicinity of agents, namely cells, biomolecules or medium components, to be reduced simultaneously.
机译：在以前的交流中，我们报道了一种合成稳定的金属铜纳米颗粒（Cu-NPs）的新方法，该方法对细菌细胞丝化和细胞杀灭具有很高的效力。本研究涉及大肠杆菌细胞中细丝形成的机制和Cu-NPs的抗菌作用。我们的结果表明，NP介导的细胞膜电位耗散是细胞细丝形成的可能原因。另一方面，发现铜纳米颗粒在大肠杆菌细胞中引起多种毒性作用，例如活性氧的产生，脂质过氧化，蛋白质氧化和DNA降解。质粒pUC19 DNA与Cu-NPs的体外相互作用表明，在二价金属离子螯合剂EDTA的存在下，DNA的降解受到高度抑制，这表明Cu〜（2+）离子在降解过程中发挥了积极作用。此外，在EDTA存在下NP的快速去稳定作用，即尺寸的减小导致我们提出，从NP表面释放出的新生Cu离子比其前体CuCl_2的等量具有更高的反应性。当金属NP处于要同时还原的试剂（即细胞，生物分子或培养基成分）附近时，它们是由金属NP的氧化产生的新生离子。

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