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Nanosculpting of complex oxides by massive ionic transfer

机译：通过大量离子转移对复杂氧化物进行纳米雕刻

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Scanning probe microscopy (SPM)-based approaches have been extensively studied as methods to control the structure and properties of materials on the nanoscale. In many cases, the SPM probe is physically utilized to control structure and properties. In addition to physical modulation, it has been reported that voltage can be effectively used to modulate electrochemical phenomena on the sample surface. These studies suggest that electrochemical modulation of the structure and properties is possible by applying a voltage. Herein, in order to demonstrate voltage induced modulation of surface structure, we explored surface nanosculpting by creating electrochemically induced pits on the surface of TiO2 thin films through the application of voltage using the atomic force microscope tip. Using a unipolar negative voltage sweep, pits were successfully generated. Further, the electric potential distribution was simulated to unravel the relationship between the pit volume and the magnitude of the applied voltage. Finally, surface protrusion induced by positive voltage sweep was also observed to elucidate the complete process of electrochemically induced surface modulation. These results can offer fundamental information for understanding how surface structure can be modulated by electrochemical phenomena.
机译：基于扫描探针显微镜（SPM）的方法已被广泛研究为控制纳米级材料结构和性能的方法。在许多情况下，SPM探针在物理上用于控制结构和属性。除了物理调制，据报道电压可以有效地用于调制样品表面的电化学现象。这些研究表明，通过施加电压可以对结构和性质进行电化学调制。在此，为了证明电压诱导的表面结构调制，我们通过使用原子力显微镜尖端通过施加电压在TiO2薄膜表面上产生电化学诱导的凹坑来探索表面纳米雕刻。使用单极性负电压扫描，成功产生了凹坑。此外，模拟电势分布以解开凹坑体积与施加电压的幅度之间的关系。最后，还观察到由正电压扫描引起的表面突起，以阐明电化学诱导的表面调制的完整过程。这些结果可为理解电化学现象如何调节表面结构提供基础信息。

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