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Lifetime and dissolution kinetics of zinc oxide nanoparticles in aqueous media

机译：水性介质中氧化锌纳米粒子的寿命和溶解动力学

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We have assessed the persistence and lifetime of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) by performing dissolution experiments in three different aqueous media. These experiments were performed at ZnO-NP concentration levels close to the solubility of zincite (similar to 8 mu M or 650 mu g l(-1) of ZnO)-a concentration that is orders of magnitude higher than current estimated relevant environmental concentrations. The kinetics were followed by voltammetry, while maintaining the pH at about 7.5 using a CO2/N-2 gas mixture to remove di-oxygen interference. Our results show that, under these conditions, ZnO-NPs readily dissolve with a lifetime expectancy that does not exceed 90 min. Water chemistry, especially the presence of dissolved organic matter (DOM), plays an important role in ZnO-NP dissolution. Dissolution rates significantly increase in the presence of strong chelating agents, EDTA and L-cysteine, while the addition of polymeric DOM, such as sodium alginate, has the opposite effect. Our results suggest that ZnO-NPs are unlikely to persist in natural aqueous media and that the toxicity should be primarily related to the released Zn2+ ions rather than effects commonly associated to the presence of nanoparticles.
机译：我们通过在三种不同的水性介质中进行溶解实验，评估了ZnO纳米颗粒（ZnO-NPs）的持久性和寿命。这些实验是在ZnO-NP浓度接近于锌酸盐的溶解度（类似于ZnO的8μM或650μg l（-1））下进行的，该浓度比当前估计的相关环境浓度高几个数量级。通过伏安法跟踪动力学，同时使用CO2 / N-2气体混合物将pH保持在约7.5，以消除双氧干扰。我们的结果表明，在这些条件下，ZnO-NPs易于溶解，寿命不超过90分钟。水化学，尤其是溶解有机物（DOM）的存在，在ZnO-NP溶解中起着重要作用。在存在强螯合剂，EDTA和L-半胱氨酸的情况下，溶解速率会显着提高，而添加聚合物DOM（例如海藻酸钠）则具有相反的作用。我们的结果表明，ZnO-NPs不太可能在天然水性介质中持续存在，并且毒性应主要与释放的Zn2 +离子有关，而不是通常与存在纳米粒子有关的影响。

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