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Tunable optical response of bowtie nanoantenna arrays on thermoplastic substrates

机译：热塑性基材上领结纳米天线阵列的可调光学响应

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摘要

Thermally responsive polymers present an interesting avenue for tuning the optical properties of nanomaterials on their surfaces by varying their periodicity and shape using facile processing methods. Gold bowtie nanoantenna arrays are fabricated using nanosphere lithography on prestressed polyolefin (PO), a thermoplastic polymer, and optical properties are investigated via a combination of spectroscopy and electromagnetic simulations to correlate shape evolution with optical response. Geometric features of bowtie nanoantennas evolve by annealing at temperatures between 105 degrees C and 135 degrees C by releasing the degree of prestress in PO. Due to the higher modulus of Au versus PO, compressive stress occurs on Au bowtie regions on PO, which leads to surface buckling at the two highest annealing temperatures; regions with a 5 nm gap between bowtie nanoantennas are observed and the average reduction is 75%. Reflectance spectroscopy and full-wave electromagnetic simulations both demonstrate the ability to tune the plasmon resonance wavelength with a window of approximately 90 nm in the range of annealing temperatures investigated. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering measurements demonstrate that maximum enhancement is observed as the excitation wavelength approaches the plasmon resonance of Au bowtie nanoantennas. Both the size and morphology tunability offered by PO allows for customizing optical response.
机译：热响应性聚合物为通过使用简便的加工方法改变纳米材料的周期性和形状来调节纳米材料在其表面上的光学性能提供了有趣的途径。金纳米领结天线阵列是使用纳米球体光刻技术在预应力聚烯烃（PO），热塑性聚合物上制造的，并且通过结合光谱学和电磁模拟研究光学性质，以将形状演变与光学响应相关联。领结型纳米天线的几何特征是通过释放PO中的预应力程度而在105摄氏度至135摄氏度之间的温度下退火而演变而来的。由于Au相对于PO具有较高的模量，因此在PO上的Au领结区域上会产生压缩应力，这导致在两个最高退火温度下表面发生弯曲。观察到领结纳米天线之间的间隙为5 nm的区域，平均减少率为75％。反射光谱法和全波电磁模拟都证明了在所研究的退火温度范围内能够以约90 nm的窗口调谐等离子体共振波长的能力。表面增强拉曼散射测量表明，当激发波长接近Au领结纳米天线的等离子体共振时，观察到最大增强。 PO提供的尺寸和形态可调性均允许自定义光学响应。

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