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首页> 外文期刊>Neuroscience: An International Journal under the Editorial Direction of IBRO >DIFFERENTIAL IMPACT OF A COMPLEX ENVIRONMENT ON POSITIVE AFFECT IN AN ANIMAL MODEL OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN EMOTIONALITY
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DIFFERENTIAL IMPACT OF A COMPLEX ENVIRONMENT ON POSITIVE AFFECT IN AN ANIMAL MODEL OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN EMOTIONALITY

机译：情绪个体差异动物模型中复杂环境对积极影响的差异影响

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Anhedonia, or the inability to experience positive feelings is a hallmark of depression. However, few animal models have relied on decreased positive affect as an index of susceptibility to depression. Rats emit frequency-modulated ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs), designated as "positive" calls in the 50-kHz range. USVs have been associated with pharmacological activation of motivational reward circuits. Here we utilized selectively-bred rats differing in "emotionality" to ask whether there are associated differences in USVs. Rats bred based on locomotor response to novelty and classified as bred High Responders (bHRs) or bred Low Responders (bLRs) exhibit inborn differences in response to environmental cues, stress responsiveness, and depression-like behavior. These animals also exhibit differences in anxiety-like behavior, which are reversed by exposure to environmental complexity (EC). Finally, these animals exhibit unique profiles of responsiveness to rewarding stimuli accompanied with distinct patterns of dopamine regulation. We investigated whether acute and chronic environmental manipulations impacted USVs in bHRs and bLRs. We found that, relative to bLRs, bHRs emitted significantly more 50-kHz USVs. However, if a bLR is accompanied by another bLR, there is a significant increase in 50-kHZ USVs emitted by this phenotype. bHRs emitted increases in 50-kHZ UVSs upon first exposure to EC, whereas bLRs showed a similar increase only after repeated exposure. bLRs' increase in positive affect after chronic EC was coupled with significant positive correlations between corticosterone levels and c-fos mRNA in the accumbens. Conversely, a decline in the rate of positive calls in bHRs after chronic EC was associated with a negative correlation between corticosterone and accumbens c-fos mRNA. These studies demonstrate that inborn differences in emotionality interact with the environment to influence positive affect and underscore the potential interaction between glucocor-ticoids and the mesolimbic reward circuitry in modulating 50-kHz calls. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of IBRO.
机译：快感缺乏症或无法体验积极情绪是抑郁症的标志。然而，很少有动物模型依赖减少的积极影响作为抑郁症的易感性指标。大鼠发出频率调制的超声波发声（USV），在50 kHz范围内被指定为“正”声。 USV与动机性奖励回路的药理激活有关。在这里，我们利用“情绪”不同的选择性繁殖大鼠来询问在USV中是否存在相关的差异。根据对新奇事物的运动反应而繁殖的大鼠被分类为繁殖的高反应者（bHRs）或繁殖的低反应者（bLRs），其对环境提示，应激反应和抑郁样行为的反应具有先天差异。这些动物在焦虑样行为上也表现出差异，暴露于环境复杂性（EC）可以逆转这种差异。最后，这些动物表现出独特的响应奖励刺激的特征，并伴有不同的多巴胺调节模式。我们调查了急性和慢性环境操纵是否影响bHR和bLR中的USV。我们发现，相对于bLR，bHR发射出更多的50 kHz USV。但是，如果一个bLR伴随另一个bLR，则该表型发出的50 kHZ USV显着增加。首次暴露于EC时，释放的bHR在50 kHZ UVS中增加，而bLR仅在重复暴露后才显示类似的增加。慢性EC后bLRs的积极影响增加，而伏隔中皮质酮水平与c-fos mRNA之间存在显着的正相关。相反，慢性EC后bHR中阳性呼出率的下降与皮质酮和伏马c-fos mRNA的负相关有关。这些研究表明，先天的情绪差异会与环境相互作用，从而影响积极的影响，并突显了糖皮质激素和中脑边缘的奖励电路在调制50 kHz通话中的潜在相互作用。由Elsevier Ltd.代表IBRO发布。

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