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首页> 外文期刊>Critical care nurse >Setting goals for pain management when using a behavioral scale: example with the critical-care pain observation tool.
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Setting goals for pain management when using a behavioral scale: example with the critical-care pain observation tool.

机译：使用行为量表设定疼痛管理目标：以重症监护疼痛观察工具为例。

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Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a progressive disease characterized by vascular proliferation and vasoconstriction of the small pulmonary arteries that eventually leads to right-sided heart failure and death. Patients often initially have symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and edema; later in the disease, presyncope and syncope are common. Patients with progressive pulmonary arterial hypertension despite oral therapy and/or with severe disease typically require treatment with a prostanoid. Inhaled treprostinil (Tyvaso) is a prostacyclin analog indicated for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension to increase walk distance in patients with symptoms classified as New York Heart Association functional class III. Inhaled treprostinil was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in July 2009. This article provides a brief overview of the pathophysiology of pulmonary arterial hypertension and reviews the mechanism of action, key clinical data, and the practical management of inhaled treprostinil in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension.
机译：肺动脉高压是一种进行性疾病，其特征是小肺动脉的血管增生和血管收缩，最终导致右侧心力衰竭和死亡。患者最初通常会出现呼吸急促，疲劳和浮肿等症状。在疾病的后期，晕厥前和晕厥很常见。尽管进行口服治疗和/或患有严重疾病但仍进行性肺动脉高压的患者通常需要使用类前列腺素治疗。吸入曲前列环素（Tyvaso）是一种前列环素类似物，适用于患有肺动脉高压的患者，其症状被分类为“纽约心脏协会”功能分类为III级的患者可增加步行距离。吸入曲前列环素于2009年7月获得美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）的批准。本文简要概述了肺动脉高压的病理生理，并回顾了吸入曲前列环素在肺动脉患者中的作用机理，关键临床数据以及实际管理。高血压。

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