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Review of endocrine disorders associated with environmental toxicants and possible involved mechanisms

机译：审查与环境有毒物质有关的内分泌疾病及可能涉及的机制

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Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) are released into environment from different sources. They are mainly used in packaging industries, pesticides and food constituents. Clinical evidence, experimental models, and epidemiological studies suggest that EDC have major risks for human by targeting different organs and systems in the body. Multiple mechanisms are involved in targeting the normal system, through estrogen receptors, nuclear receptors and steroidal receptors activation. In this review, different methods by which xenobiotics stimulate signaling pathways and genetic mutation or DNA methylation have been discussed. These methods help to understand the results of xenobiotic action on the endocrine system. Endocrine disturbances in the human body result in breast cancer, ovarian problems, thyroid eruptions, testicular carcinoma, Alzheimer disease, schizophrenia, nerve damage and obesity. EDC characterize a wide class of compounds such as organochlorinated pesticides, industrial wastes, plastics and plasticizers, fuels and numerous other elements that exist in the environment or are in high use during daily life. The interactions and mechanism of toxicity in relation to human general health problems, especially endocrine disturbances with particular reference to reproductive problems, diabetes, and breast, testicular and ovarian cancers should be deeply investigated. There should also be a focus on publicawareness of these EDC risks and their use in routine life. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize all evidence regarding different physiological disruptions in the body and possible involved mechanisms, to prove the association between endocrine disruptions and human diseases. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
机译：内分泌干​​扰化学物质（EDC）从不同来源释放到环境中。它们主要用于包装工业，农药和食品成分。临床证据，实验模型和流行病学研究表明，EDC通过针对体内不同的器官和系统，对人类具有重大风险。通过雌激素受体，核受体和甾体受体的活化，多种机制参与靶向正常系统。在这篇综述中，已经讨论了异种生物刺激信号传导途径和遗传突变或DNA甲基化的不同方法。这些方法有助于了解异种对内分泌系统作用的结果。人体的内分泌紊乱会导致乳腺癌，卵巢问题，甲状腺疾病，睾丸癌，阿尔茨海默病，精神分裂症，神经损伤和肥胖症。 EDC表征多种化合物，例如有机氯化农药，工业废料，塑料和增塑剂，燃料以及环境中存在或日常生活中大量使用的其他多种元素。与人类一般健康问题有关的毒性相互作用和机理，尤其是与内分泌失调有关的疾病，尤其是与生殖问题，糖尿病以及乳腺癌，睾丸癌和卵巢癌有关的相互作用。还应重点关注这些EDC风险及其在日常生活中的使用。因此，本综述的目的是总结有关体内不同生理破坏以及可能涉及的机制的所有证据，以证明内分泌破坏与人类疾病之间的关联。 （C）2015 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。

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