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首页> 外文期刊>RSC Advances >Analysis of the water extract of waste papaya bark ash and its implications as an in situ base in the ligand-free recyclable Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction
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Analysis of the water extract of waste papaya bark ash and its implications as an in situ base in the ligand-free recyclable Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction

机译：废木瓜树皮灰水提取物的分析及其作为无配体可回收铃木-宫浦偶联反应中原位碱的意义

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摘要

The conversion of waste papaya-bark to ash-water extract via low-temperature combustion, and its utilisation as an efficient and environmentally friendly in situ basic medium for the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction at room temperature are reported. The papaya-bark ash was characterized by EDX, ion-exchange chromatography and flame photometry to reveal a broad range of active metal oxides. The chemical analysis reports of ash showed the presence of oxides of K, Ca, Na, Li and Mg, which possibly in the presence of water produce the corresponding hydroxides in situ, responsible for the basicity. Application of the ash-water extract as a base was highly effective for ligand-free Pd(OAc) 2 catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. The reaction proceeds smoothly without any promoter/ligand to give excellent yields. Moreover, after completion of the reaction, the catalytic system could be easily recovered by simple fractional separation, and recyclable at least five times, with the loss of some catalytic activity from the 3rd cycle onward.
机译：据报道，废木瓜皮经低温燃烧转化为灰分水提取物，并在室温下用作铃木-宫浦交叉偶联反应的一种高效，环保的原位基础介质。通过EDX，离子交换色谱和火焰光度法对木瓜皮灰进行表征，以揭示各种活性金属氧化物。灰分的化学分析报告表明，存在钾，钙，钠，锂和镁的氧化物，可能在水的存在下原位产生相应的氢氧化物，这是碱性的原因。灰水提取物作为碱的应用对于无配体的Pd（OAc）2催化的Suzuki-Miyaura交叉偶联反应非常有效。反应平稳进行，没有任何助催化剂/配体，得到优异的产率。此外，在反应完成之后，可以通过简单的分步分离容易地回收催化体系，并且可以循环至少五次，而从第三循环开始损失一些催化活性。

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