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首页> 外文期刊>BioArchitecture >Organized chaos in Kupffer’s vesicle: How a heterogeneous structure achieves consistent left-right patterning
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Organized chaos in Kupffer’s vesicle: How a heterogeneous structure achieves consistent left-right patterning

机译：库普弗囊泡中的有组织的混乱：异质结构如何实现一致的左右图案

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Successful establishment of left-right asymmetry is crucial to healthy vertebrate development. In many species this process is initiated in a ciliated, enclosed cavity, for example KupfFer’s vesicle (KV) in zebrafish. The microarchitecture of KV is more complex than that present in the left-right organizer of many other species. While swirling flow in KV is recognized as essential for left-right patterning, its generation, nature and conversion to asymmetric gene expression are only beginning to befully understood. We recently [Sampaio, P et al. Dev Cell 29:716-728] combined imaging, genetics and fluid dynamics simulation to characterize normal and perturbed ciliary activity, and their correlation to asymmetric charon expression and embryonic organ fate. Randomness in cilia number and length have major implications for robust flow generation; even a modest change in mean cilia length has a major effect on flow speed to due to nonlinear scaling arising from fluid mechanics. Wildtype, and mutant embryos with normal liver laterality, exhibit stronger flow on the left prior to asymmetric inhibition of charon. Our discovery of immotile cilia, taken with data on morphant embryos with very few cilia, further support the role of mechanosensing in initiating and/or enhancing flow conversion into gene expression.
机译：成功建立左右不对称性对于健康的脊椎动物发育至关重要。在许多物种中，此过程始于有纤毛的封闭腔中，例如斑马鱼中的KupfFer囊泡（KV）。 KV的微体系结构比许多其他物种的左右组织者中的微体系结构更为复杂。虽然KV中的涡流对于左右模式来说是必不可少的，但它的产生，性质和向不对称基因表达的转化才刚刚被人们完全理解。我们最近[Sampaio，P等。 [Dev Cell 29：716-728]结合了成像，遗传学和流体动力学模拟来表征正常和摄动的睫毛活动，以及它们与不对称功能表达和胚胎器官命运的相关性。纤毛数量和长度的随机性对产生稳定的血流有重要影响。由于流体力学引起的非线性缩放，平均纤毛长度的适度变化也会对流速产生重大影响。野生型和具有正常肝侧性的突变体胚胎，在不对称抑制氢之前显示出更强的左侧血流。我们对不活动纤毛的发现与纤毛很少的吗啡胚的数据相结合，进一步支持了机械感测在启动和/或增强流向基因表达转化中的作用。

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