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Edge states in graphene-like systems

机译：类石墨烯系统中的边缘状态

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摘要

The edges of graphene and graphene like systems can host localized states with evanescent wave function with properties radically different from those of the Dirac electrons in bulk. This happens in a variety of situations, that are reviewed here. First, zigzag edges host a set of localized non-dispersive state at the Dirac energy. At half filling, it is expected that these states are prone to ferromagnetic instability, causing a very interesting type of edge ferromagnetism. Second, graphene under the influence of external perturbations can host a variety of topological insulating phases, including the conventional quantum Hall effect, the quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) and the quantum spin Hall phase, in all of which phases conduction can only take place through topologically protected edge states. Here we provide an unified vision of the properties of all these edge states, examined under the light of the same one orbital tight-binding model. We consider the combined action of interactions, spin-orbit coupling and magnetic field, which produces a wealth of different physical phenomena. We briefly address what has been actually observed experimentally. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：石墨烯和类似石墨烯的系统的边缘可以具有with逝波函数的局部状态，其性质与整体狄拉克电子的性质完全不同。这在多种情况下都会发生，请在此处进行回顾。首先，之字形边缘在狄拉克能量处具有一组局部非分散状态。在半填充时，预期这些状态易于发生铁磁不稳定性，从而引起非常有趣的边缘铁磁类型。其次，石墨烯在外部扰动的影响下可以容纳各种拓扑绝缘相，包括常规的量子霍尔效应，量子异常霍尔（QAH）和量子自旋霍尔相，在所有这些相中，传导只能通过受拓扑保护的边缘状态。在这里，我们提供了对所有这些边缘状态的特性的统一视野，并根据相同的一个轨道紧密结合模型对其进行了检验。我们考虑相互作用，自旋轨道耦合和磁场的组合作用，这会产生大量不同的物理现象。我们简要介绍一下实验中实际观察到的内容。 （C）2015 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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