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Molecular methods for serovar determination of Salmonella

机译：沙门氏菌血清学测定的分子方法

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Salmonella is a diverse foodborne pathogen, which has more than 2600 recognized serovars. Classification of Salmonella isolates into serovars is essential for surveillance and epidemiological investigations; however, determination of Salmonella serovars, by traditional serotyping, has some important limitations (e.g. labor intensive, time consuming). To overcome these limitations, multiple methods have been investigated to develop molecular serotyping schemes. Currently, molecular methods to predict Salmonella serovars include (i) molecular subtyping methods (e.g. PFGE, MLST), (ii) classification using serovar-specific genomic markers and (iii) direct methods, which identify genes encoding antigens or biosynthesis of antigens used for serotyping. Here, we reviewed reported methodologies for Salmonella molecular serotyping and determined the "serovar-prediction accuracy'', as the percentage of isolates for which the serovar was correctly classified by a given method. Serovar-prediction accuracy ranged from 0 to 100%, 51 to 100% and 33 to 100% for molecular subtyping, serovar-specific genomic markers and direct methods, respectively. Major limitations of available schemes are errors in predicting closely related serovars (e.g. Typhimurium and 4,5,12: i:-), and polyphyletic serovars (e.g. Newport, Saintpaul). The high diversity of Salmonella serovars represents a considerable challenge for molecular serotyping approaches. With the recent improvement in sequencing technologies, full genome sequencing could be developed into a promising molecular approach to serotype Salmonella.
机译：沙门氏菌是一种多样化的食源性病原体，具有2600多种公认的血清型。沙门氏菌分离株分类为血清型对于监测和流行病学调查至关重要。然而，通过传统的血清分型法测定沙门氏菌血清型具有一些重要的局限性（例如劳动强度大，耗时）。为了克服这些限制，已经研究了多种方法来开发分子血清分型方案。当前，预测沙门氏菌血清型的分子方法包括（i）分子亚型方法（例如PFGE，MLST），（ii）使用血清型特异性基因组标记进行分类和（iii）直接方法，这些方法可鉴定编码抗原的基因或用于该抗原的生物合成分型。在这里，我们回顾了报道的沙门氏菌分子血清分型方法，并确定了“血清变异预测准确度”，即通过给定方法正确分类的血清隔离株的百分比，血清变异预测准确度介于0到100％之间，51分子亚型，血清型特异性基因组标记和直接方法分别为100％和33％至100％。可用方案的主要局限性在于预测密切相关的血清型（例如鼠伤寒和4,5,12：i :-）时存在错误，沙门氏菌血清型的高度多样性代表了分子血清分型方法的巨大挑战，随着测序技术的最新发展，全基因组测序可以发展成为一种有希望的血清型沙门氏菌分子方法。

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