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首页> 外文期刊>Critical reviews in oncogenesis >Immunologic nonresponsiveness to tumors.
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Immunologic nonresponsiveness to tumors.

机译：对肿瘤的免疫学无反应性。

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Over the past several years it has become clear that malignant cells express a variety of tumor associated antigens, and T cells reactive to these antigens have been identified. However, the T cells are not effective in rejecting tumors. In general, T cells that are not tolerized within the thymus have the potential to be rendered tolerant by one of three mechanisms. Immune deviation occurs when regulatory T cells which share a common precursor differentiate away from the phenotype required to effect a particular immune response. Anergy induction occurs when a T cell is stimulated through its T cell receptor in the absence of costimulation. Activation-induced cell death (AICD) is apoptosis of activated T cells upon subsequent encounter with antigen. There is emerging information that some of these mechanisms can be responsible for the lack of T cell responsiveness to tumor cells. Also, tumor cells can acquire attributes that interfere with an immune response, including down-regulation of MHC molecules or other molecules involved in antigen processing; secretion of the immunosuppressive cytokine TGFbeta; and expression of the apoptosis-inducing surface molecule, Fas ligand. An expansion in our understanding of how tumor cells evade a T cell mediated death will provide insight into potential strategies to improve immunotherapeutic approaches to cancer patients.
机译：在过去的几年中，已经清楚恶性细胞表达多种与肿瘤相关的抗原，并且已经鉴定了对这些抗原具有反应性的T细胞。然而，T细胞不能有效地排斥肿瘤。通常，胸腺内不耐受的T细胞有可能通过三种机制之一被耐受。当具有共同前体的调节性T细胞与实现特定免疫反应所需的表型区分开时，就会发生免疫偏离。当在没有共同刺激的情况下通过其T细胞受体刺激T细胞时，就会发生无能诱导。激活诱导的细胞死亡（AICD）是激活的T细胞在随后遇到抗原时的凋亡。有新出现的信息表明，这些机制中的某些机制可能是导致T细胞对肿瘤细胞缺乏反应性的原因。而且，肿瘤细胞可以获得干扰免疫反应的属性，包括下调MHC分子或其他参与抗原加工的分子;免疫抑制性细胞因子TGFbeta的分泌;诱导凋亡的表面分子Fas配体的表达和表达。我们对肿瘤细胞如何逃避T细胞介导的死亡的理解的扩展将提供对改善癌症患者免疫治疗方法的潜在策略的见解。

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