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首页> 外文期刊>Critical reviews in oncogenesis >Cytokine involvement in cancer anorexia/cachexia: role of megestrol acetate and medroxyprogesterone acetate on cytokine downregulation and improvement of clinical symptoms.
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Cytokine involvement in cancer anorexia/cachexia: role of megestrol acetate and medroxyprogesterone acetate on cytokine downregulation and improvement of clinical symptoms.

机译：细胞因子参与癌症厌食/恶病质：乙酸孕甾酮和乙酸甲羟孕酮在细胞因子下调和改善临床症状中的作用。

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The characteristic clinical picture of anorexia, tissue wasting, loss of body weight accompanied by a decrease in muscle mass and adipose tissue, and poor performance status that often precedes death has been named the cancer-related anorexia/cachexia syndrome (CACS). Chronic administration of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) either alone or in combination, is capable of reproducing the different features of CACS. High serum levels of these cytokines have been found in cancer patients, which seem to correlate with progression of the tumor. This paper describes a series of experimental and clinical studies demonstrating that: (1) high serum levels of some cytokines, including IL-1, IL-6, and TNF, are present in advanced-stage cancer patients, particularly those with CACS; (2) megestrol acetate (MA) has a beneficial therapeutic effect on CACS symptoms, such as appetite, body weight, and quality-of-life; (3) MA downregulates the synthesis and release of cytokines and relieves the symptoms of CACS; (4) cytokines play a key role in the onset of CACS; (5) medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) reduces the in vitro production of cytokines and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of cancer patients; and (6) MA and MPA reduce the cisplatin-induced 5-HT release in vitro from PBMC of cancer patients. Based on these results, a clinical study incorporating MA/MPA in combination with chemotherapy or chemoimmunotherapy may be warranted.
机译：厌食症，组织消瘦，体重减轻，肌肉质量和脂肪组织减少以及通常在死亡之前表现不佳的典型临床症状被称为癌症相关的厌食/恶病质综合征（CACS）。单独或组合长期施用促炎性细胞因子，包括白介素-1（IL-1），白介素-6（IL-6）和肿瘤坏死因子（TNF），均能够复制CACS的不同特征。在癌症患者中发现了这些细胞因子的高血清水平，这似乎与肿瘤的进展有关。本文描述了一系列实验和临床研究，这些研究表明：（1）晚期癌症患者，特别是患有CACS的癌症患者，存在某些血清细胞因子的高水平，包括IL-1，IL-6和TNF。 （2）乙酸孕甾酮（MA）对食欲，体重和生活质量等CACS症状具有有益的治疗作用; （3）MA下调细胞因子的合成和释放，缓解CACS症状; （4）细胞因子在CACS发病中起关键作用; （5）乙酸甲羟孕酮（MPA）减少癌症患者外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）的细胞因子和5-羟色胺（5-羟色胺，5-HT）的体外产生; （6）MA和MPA减少了顺铂诱导的5-HT在体外从癌症患者PBMC中的释放。根据这些结果，可能需要进行结合了MA / MPA与化学疗法或化学免疫疗法的临床研究。

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