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Assessing the Residual from Fertilizer Nitrogen Applied to Failed Corn on the Following Wheat Crop

机译：在随后的小麦作物上评估施肥失败的玉米中施用的氮肥残留量

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IN much of the Midwest in 2012, extreme hot and dry con-ditions reduced crop yields, especially corn (Zea mays L.) (USDA-NAAS, 2013). Drought-induced, low-yielding conditions likely resulted in low nitrogen uptake by the crops and the potential for unused fertilizer N left in the soil. However, the potential carryover of unused N fertilizer is uncertain because of the dynamics of N cycling.In 2012, a study was initiated to determine the effect of N rates and nitrification inhibitors on no-till short-season corn. The study was conducted at the Kansas State University Southeast Agricultural Research Center on a Parsons silt loam, a typical claypan soil of the area. The experimental design was a split-plot arrangement of a randomized complete block with four replications with N rates as the whole plots and nitrification inhibitors as the subplots, plus an untreated control. All N was subsurface banded (knifed) as urea-ammonium nitrate (28% N) at a 4-inch depth on 10 Apr. 2012 at rates of 60, 120, 180, and 240 lb/acre. In addition, the knife blades without fertilizer were passed through the no-N control plots. The nitrification inhibitors were (i) none, (ii) Instinct at 35 oz/acre, (iii) Koch experimental at 128 oz/acre, and (iv) Koch experimental at 256 oz/acre. Partially because of replanting in early May, corn growth before silking and during much of the reproductive growth fell in a period from 22 June to 4 Aug. 2012 with total rainfall of 0.75 inches and average maximum air temperature of 99.4°F which is less than 20% of the rain and approximately 10°F hotter than the 30-year average. These conditions resulted in corn yields less than 27 bu/acre with no response to nitrification inhibitors and a slight decline in yields as N rate increased (data not shown).
机译：在2012年的中西部大部分地区，极端炎热和干燥的天气降低了农作物的单产，尤其是玉米（Zea mays L。）（USDA-NAAS，2013）。干旱引起的低产条件可能导致农作物对氮的吸收较低，并可能使土壤中残留未使用的肥料N。但是，由于氮素循环的动态，未使用的氮肥的潜在残留量尚不确定.2012年，一项研究确定了氮素用量和硝化抑制剂对免耕短季玉米的影响。该研究是在堪萨斯州立大学东南农业研究中心的帕森斯粉壤土上进行的，该泥土是该地区典型的粘土盆土。实验设计是一个随机完整区块的分割图布置，其中四个重复重复，以N速率作为整体图，以硝化抑制剂作为子图，再加上未经处理的对照。 2012年4月10日，在4英寸深度下，所有N均被地下绑扎（切碎）为尿素-硝酸铵（N含量为28％），比率为60、120、180和240 lb /英亩。另外，将没有肥料的刀片通过无氮对照区。硝化抑制剂为（i）无，（ii）本能为35 oz /英亩，（iii）Koch实验为128 oz /英亩和（iv）Koch实验为256 oz /英亩。部分由于5月初的补种，从2012年6月22日至2012年8月4日，蚕丝前和大部分生殖生长期间的玉米生长下降，总降雨量为0.75英寸，平均最高气温为99.4°F，低于比30年平均降雨量高20％的雨水，且温度高出大约10°F。这些条件导致玉米单产低于27 bu /英亩，对硝化抑制剂无反应，且随着氮含量的增加，单产略有下降（数据未显示）。

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