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首页> 外文期刊>Crop Protection >Organic matter and seed survival of Striga hermonthica - mechanisms for seed depletion in the soil.
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Organic matter and seed survival of Striga hermonthica - mechanisms for seed depletion in the soil.

机译：斯特里加草（Striga hermonthica）的有机质和种子存活-土壤中种子耗尽的机理。

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Seed survival of Striga hermonthica is influenced by amendments of organic matter; however, the role of organic matter quality (C:N ratio) and mechanisms for enhanced seed decay are inadequately understood. In a field experiment, plots received a single dose of 6 t organic matter per hectare but with large differences in quality in terms of C:N ratio. Soil moisture, soil temperature and soil ethylene concentrations were measured, while buried nylon seed bags were periodically withdrawn from the soil and assayed for seed viability and germination. Organic matter amendments incorporated in the soil significantly depressed S. hermonthica seed survival. The effect was strongest with organic matter of high quality. Organic matter of low-quality enhanced soil water content during the first five days after a rainfall event and resulted in a 0.5 degrees C lower soil temperature. The highest observed ethylene concentrations in the soil were between 2 and 3 ppm, high enough to stimulate S. hermonthica seed germination. Maximal seed germination in vitro was obtained after 48 h of exposure to 1 ppm ethylene. However, observed changes in seed germination and viability of retrieved seed batches (seed survival) did not correlate with soil ethylene concentrations. The latter in turn did not differ between qualities of the applied organic matter. Seed survival decreased with increasing time of burial, especially after 4-8 weeks. As S. hermonthica attachment mainly occurs during the first four weeks of the cropping season the observed effect of seed decay may hardly be beneficial for the on-going cropping season. Nutrient release through decomposition of organic matter, enhancing decay of S. hermonthica seeds, is proposed as the probable cause of seed depletion in the soil.
机译：Striga hermonthica 的种子存活受有机质的影响。然而，对有机质质量（C：N比）的作用和增强种子衰变的机理了解不足。在田间试验中，小块土地每公顷仅接受6吨有机物的单剂量剂量，但在C：N比方面质量差异很大。测量土壤湿度，土壤温度和土壤乙烯浓度，同时定期从土壤中取出埋藏的尼龙种子袋，并测定其种子的活力和发芽率。掺入土壤中的有机质改良剂显着降低了iS。 Hermonthica 种子存活率。高质量的有机物效果最明显。降雨事件发生后的前五天内，劣质有机质增加了土壤水分，导致土壤温度降低了0.5摄氏度。在土壤中观察到的最高乙烯浓度在2至3 ppm之间，足以刺激硫。 Hermonthica 种子发芽。暴露于1 ppm乙烯48小时后，可获得体外最大萌发。但是，观察到的种子发芽和回收种子批次的活力变化（种子存活）与土壤乙烯浓度无关。后者反过来在所施加有机物的质量之间没有区别。种子存活随着埋葬时间的增加而降低，尤其是在4-8周后。作为 S。 Hermonthica 的附着主要发生在作物季节的前四个星期，观察到的种子腐烂效应可能对正在进行的作物季节几乎没有好处。营养物质通过有机物的分解而释放，从而增强iS的衰减。人们提出将her​​monthica种子作为土壤中种子耗尽的可能原因。

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