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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of Chemical Physics >Two-step vapor-crystal nucleation close below triple point
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Two-step vapor-crystal nucleation close below triple point

机译:两步汽相成核接近三点以下

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We present the results of Monte Carlo simulations of crystal nucleation from the vapor phase. We studied the Lennard-Jones system at conditions close to, but below, the triple point. This system is expected to show surface melting. The nucleation pathway that we observe consists of two distinct steps. In the first step, a liquid droplet nucleates from the vapor. Its nucleation rate depends strongly on the vapor supersaturation. In the second step, the final crystal phase nucleates in the liquid droplet, provided that this liquid droplet exceeds a minimum size. Our simulations show that within a liquid droplet the crystal nucleation rate does not depend on the vapor supersaturation. In a recent independent study Chen [J. Phys. Chem. B 112, 4069 (2008)] investigated the same phenomenon using umbrella sampling to compute free energy barriers and hence nucleation rates. We use a different numerical approach where we focus on computing the nucleation rates directly using forward-flux sampling. Our results agree with the findings of Chen and both methods observe two-step nucleation. This finding indicates that this nucleation process can be described with a quasiequilibrium theory. Due to different cutoffs for the interaction potential the results cannot be compared quantitatively.
机译:我们提出了从气相结晶成核的蒙特卡罗模拟结果。我们在接近但低于三点的条件下研究了Lennard-Jones系统。该系统有望显示表面熔化。我们观察到的成核途径包括两个不同的步骤。第一步,液滴从蒸气中成核。其成核速率在很大程度上取决于蒸气过饱和。在第二步骤中,最终的结晶相在液滴中成核,条件是该液滴超过最小尺寸。我们的模拟表明,在液滴内,晶体成核速率不取决于蒸气过饱和。在最近的一项独立研究中,陈[J.物理化学B 112,4069(2008)]使用伞式采样研究了相同的现象,以计算自由能垒并因此计算了成核率。我们使用不同的数值方法,其中我们专注于直接使用前向通量采样计算成核速率。我们的结果与Chen的发现一致,两种方法都观察到了两步成核。该发现表明该成核过程可以用准平衡理论来描述。由于相互作用电位的截止值不同,因此无法定量比较结果。

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