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首页> 外文期刊>Crop Protection >Relative toxicity of insecticides to the crucifer pests Plutella xylostella and Myzus persicae and their natural enemies
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Relative toxicity of insecticides to the crucifer pests Plutella xylostella and Myzus persicae and their natural enemies

机译：杀虫剂对十字花科害虫小菜蛾和桃蚜及其天敌的相对毒性

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摘要

The widespread and intensive use of conventional pesticides, particularly insecticides, presents a major risk to natural enemies of target pests, as well as to the environment in general. The aim of this study was to investigate the differential intrinsic toxicity of insecticides to two key pests of crucifers, Plutella xylostella and Myzus persicae and their respective hymenopteran parasitoids, Cotesia vestalis and Aphidius colemani. Such knowledge can help inform effective integration of insecticides and biological control in IPM systems. Three insecticides generally regarded as being compatible with natural enemies (abamectin, spinosad and indoxacarb) and one compound regarded as harmful to natural enemies (lambdacyhalothrin) were examined. A comparative measure of the intrinsic toxicity of fresh deposits of insecticides on Chinese cabbage leaf discs was determined for both pest and parasitoids species after exposure to insecticide for 24 h and 120 h, and after 24 h exposure to insecticide plus 96 h on untreated leaf discs. Differences in the susceptibility of pests and parasitoids to different insecticides were marked for R xylostella and C vestalis, LC50 values being significantly lower for the pest species. Such differences were not observed for M. persicae and A. colemani. There was a direct relationship between dose, exposure time and toxicity for all insecticides tested. All insecticides tested showed lower toxicity to both parasitoids compared with P. xylostella, which suggests that for this pest species side-effects on parasitoids can be minimised through IPM practices that reduce exposure time to such non-target organisms. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：传统杀虫剂，特别是杀虫剂的广泛和密集使用，对目标害虫的天敌以及整个环境构成了重大威胁。这项研究的目的是研究杀虫剂对十字花科的两种关键害虫，小菜蛾和桃蚜以及它们的膜翅目寄生虫，Cotesiavestalis和Aphidius colemani的不同内在毒性。这些知识可以帮助为IPM系统中杀虫剂的有效整合和生物控制提供信息。对三种通常被认为与天敌兼容的杀虫剂（阿维菌素，多杀菌素和茚虫威）和一种对天敌有害的化合物（lambdacyhalothrin）进行了研究。测定了在大白菜叶盘上新鲜杀虫剂沉积物的内在毒性，比较了在暴露于杀虫剂24 h和120 h后以及暴露于杀虫剂24 h和未处理的叶盘上96 h后的有害生物和寄生虫种类。 。对于小菜蛾和马齿C，害虫和类寄生虫对不同杀虫剂的敏感性不同，LC50值显着降低。对于波斯分枝杆菌和A. colemani，未观察到这种差异。对于所有测试的杀虫剂，剂量，暴露时间和毒性之间存在直接关系。与小菜蛾相比，所有测试的杀虫剂均对两种寄生虫均具有较低的毒性，这表明对于该害虫物种，可通过IPM措施将其对此类非靶标生物的暴露时间降至最低，从而将对寄生虫的副作用降至最低。 （C）2016 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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