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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience >Systems neuroplasticity in the aging brain: recruiting additional neural resources for successful motor performance in elderly persons.
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Systems neuroplasticity in the aging brain: recruiting additional neural resources for successful motor performance in elderly persons.

机译：衰老的大脑中的系统神经可塑性：招募更多的神经资源，以使老年人成功实现运动表现。

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摘要

Functional imaging studies have shown that seniors exhibit more elaborate brain activation than younger controls while performing motor tasks. Here, we investigated whether this age-related overactivation reflects compensation or dedifferentiation mechanisms. "Compensation" refers to additional activation that counteracts age-related decline of brain function and supports successful performance, whereas "dedifferentiation" reflects age-related difficulties in recruiting specialized neural mechanisms and is not relevant to task performance. To test these predictions, performance on a complex interlimb coordination task was correlated with brain activation. Findings revealed that coordination resulted in activation of classical motor coordination regions, but also higher-level sensorimotor regions, and frontal regions in the elderly. Interestingly, a positive correlation between activation level in these latter regions and motor performance was observed in the elderly. This performance enhancing additional recruitment is consistent with the compensation hypothesis and characterizes neuroplasticity at the systems level in the aging brain.
机译：功能成像研究表明，与老年人相比，老年人在执行运动任务时表现出更精细的大脑激活。在这里，我们调查了这种与年龄有关的过度激活是否反映了补偿或去分化机制。 “补偿”是指额外的激活，可以抵消与年龄有关的脑功能下降并支持成功的表现，而“去分化”则反映了在招募专门的神经机制方面与年龄有关的困难，与任务表现无关。为了检验这些预测，将复杂的肢体协调任务的表现与大脑激活相关联。研究结果表明，协调导致老年人经典运动协调区域，高级感觉运动区域和额叶区域的激活。有趣的是，在老年人中，这些后期区域的激活水平与运动能力之间呈正相关。这种增强额外招募的性能与补偿假说相符，并在衰老的大脑中表征了系统水平的神经可塑性。

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