The magnitude and algebraic sign of the molecular quadrupole moments of the homonuclear diatomic molecules N_2,O_2,F_2,P_2,S_2 and Cl_2 are analyzed by expressing them as a sum of the quadrupole moments of the free atoms and an induced molecular quadrupole due to bond formation.This induced molecular quadrupole is further analyzed in terms of in situ atomic dipole and quadrupole moments constructed following the electron partitioning method suggested by Hirshfeld.These in situ moments are interpreted in terms of the a and pi character of the chemical bonds and are compared with those predicted by the DMA method of Stone(The Theory of Intermolecular Forces;Clarendon:Oxford,1996).
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