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首页> 外文期刊>The journal of physical chemistry, A. Molecules, spectroscopy, kinetics, environment, & general theory >Further insight into the nature of ball-lightning-like atmospheric pressure plasmoids
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Further insight into the nature of ball-lightning-like atmospheric pressure plasmoids

机译：进一步洞察类似于球形闪电的大气压等离子体的性质

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摘要

Known since antiquity, ball lightning is a natural, long-lived plasma-like phenomenon associated with thunderstorms and is not well understood due to its rarity and unpredictability. A recently discovered laboratory phenomenon with striking similarity to ball lightning is observed when a high-power spark is discharged from a cathode protruding from a grounded electrolyte solution. Whereas several investigations of these long-lived plasmas have been reported over the past decade, the underlying chemical and physical processes are still unknown. The present work attempts to gain further insight into this phenomenon by examining the effect of electrolyte pH on the plasmoid and observing the chemical and physical structure of the plasmoid using high-speed schlieren videography and FTIR absorption spectroscopy. The results indicate that the lifetime and size of the plasmoid slightly increase as the pH of isoohmic electrolyte solutions deviate from neutrality. The observed absorption spectra of the plasmoids exhibit absorption cross sections in the 620-700, 1500-1560, 2280-2390, and 3650-4000 cm~(-1) ranges, the last attributed to the presence of water clusters. Finally, schlieren images revealed a single, sharp density gradient at the boundary layer of the top and sides of the expanding ball-shaped plasmoid, and turbulent mixing below the ball.
机译：自古以来就众所周知，球形闪电是与雷暴有关的自然，长寿命的类等离子体现象，由于其稀有性和不可预测性而未被很好地理解。当从从接地的电解质溶液中伸出的阴极放出大功率火花时，观察到一种与球形闪电具有惊人相似性的最近发现的实验室现象。尽管在过去十年中已对这些长寿命血浆进行了几项研究，但其潜在的化学和物理过程仍然未知。本工作试图通过检查电解质pH值对等离子体的影响，并使用高速schlieren电子照相和FTIR吸收光谱法观察等离子体的化学和物理结构，来进一步了解这一现象。结果表明，随着等欧姆电解质溶液的pH值偏离中性，浆体的寿命和尺寸会略有增加。等离子体的吸收光谱在620-700、1500-1560、2280-2390和3650-4000 cm-1（-1）范围内表现出吸收截面，最后归因于水团簇的存在。最终，schlieren图像显示出在不断膨胀的球形等离子体的顶部和侧面的边界层有一个单一的，陡峭的密度梯度，并且在球的下方有湍流混合。

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