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Moving atoms and small molecules out of open containers

机译:将原子和小分子移出开放容器

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摘要

Density functional theory with the M05-2X exchange/correlation functional is used to study the barriers for expulsion of atoms and small molecules (N _2, CO, H_2, Ar, Kr, Xe, H_2O) out of open fullerenes (I20) and related molecular containers (C_(40)H_(20), [5]beltene, cucurbit[5]uril). The reactions are examples where dispersion plays a critical role in determining the barrier heights. Calculations are compared with experimental kinetic data for N_2@I20, CO@I20, and Xe@cucurbit[5]uril (Xe@CB[5]). Comparing the four molecular containers, the activation barriers for escape of an atom or small molecule correlate with the binding energies. A new open-fullerene model container C_(40)H _(20)(C40) was constructed from C_(60)with a constriction at both ends formed by five methylene groups around the rim. The activation barriers for escape of N_2and CO from the model container are similar to those from the I20 open-cage fullerene. In the case of H_2O@C40, charge analysis reveals an interesting charge transfer at the transition state as the escaping guest is "squeezed" out of the host container.
机译:使用具有M05-2X交换/相关功能的密度泛函理论研究开放富勒烯(I20)和相关分子中原子和小分子(N _2,CO,H_2,Ar,Kr,Xe,H_2O)的驱逐障碍分子容器(C_(40)H_(20),[5]丁烯,葫芦[5] uril)。这些反应是分散在确定势垒高度中起关键作用的示例。将计算结果与N_2 @ I20,CO @ I20和Xe @ cucurbit [5] uril(Xe @ CB [5])的实验动力学数据进行比较。比较这四个分子容器,原子或小分子逃逸的激活壁垒与结合能相关。由C_(60)构造了一个新的富勒烯开放式模型容器C_(40)H _(20)(C40),其两端的收缩部分由边缘周围的五个亚甲基形成。 N_2和CO从模型容器中逸出的激活壁垒与I20开笼式富勒烯的壁垒相似。在H_2O @ C40的情况下,电荷分析显示了一个有趣的电荷转移过程,因为逃逸的客人被“挤出”了宿主容器。

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