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首页> 外文期刊>Vaccine >New vaccine introduction in the East and Southern African sub-region of the WHO African region in the context of GIVS and MDGs
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New vaccine introduction in the East and Southern African sub-region of the WHO African region in the context of GIVS and MDGs

机译：在GIVS和千年发展目标的背景下，在世卫组织非洲区域的东部和南部非洲分区域引入新的疫苗

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Immunization programmes have over the years proven to be effective and useful in infectious disease control. However, based on current trends that show that many developing countries will not reach the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) targets, there is an urgent need to accelerate efforts to control the most common conditions still responsible for the largest morbidity and mortality in children under 5 years of age, like diarrhoea and pneumonia, for which safe and effective vaccines are now available. Through World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) strategies and initiatives like the Global Immunization Vision and Strategy (GIVS), Accelerated Disease Control and Reach Every District (RED), major positive achievements like the increasing number of children reached with Diphtheria–Tetanus–Pertussis (DTP) vaccines, significant measles mortality reduction, and the almost complete eradication of polio, have been realised. Many children in developing countries have access to life saving vaccines through the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI) support. Supplementary immunization activities against measles and polio continue to offer opportunities to deliver measles and polio vaccines, and other life-saving interventions. The Global Immunization Vision and Strategy 2006–2015 (GIVS framework) can effectively be used to guide countries in addressing some of the remaining challenges to reach the unreached and increase coverage of traditional vaccines, immunize more people against more diseases, support decision making to introduce new vaccines, as well as recognize the opportunity to invest in community health through cost-effective immunization programmes. Introduction of new vaccines should be strengthened and used as vehicles for health systems strengthening as well as for delivery of comprehensive primary health interventions to impact positively on the spiralling disease burden and reduce overall child mortality. A number of countries have adopted and operationalized GIVS through comprehensive multi-year plans for immunization (cMYP). This paper reviews progress with respect to introduction of some of the new vaccines in the East and Southern sub-region of WHO African region in the context of GIVS and MDGs as well as the challenges thereof.
机译：多年来，免疫程序已被证明在控制传染病方面是有效和有用的。但是，根据目前的趋势表明许多发展中国家将无法实现千年发展目标（MDG）的目标，迫切需要加快努力，控制仍是造成5岁以下儿童最大发病率和最高死亡率的最普遍条件岁，例如腹泻和肺炎，现在已经可以使用安全有效的疫苗。通过世界卫生组织（WHO）和联合国儿童基金会（UNICEF）的战略和倡议，例如全球免疫远景和战略（GIVS），疾病加速控制和到达每个地区（RED），取得了重大的积极成就，例如儿童人数的增加使用白喉-破伤风-百日咳（DTP）疫苗，麻疹死亡率显着降低，脊髓灰质炎几乎完全根除。发展中国家的许多儿童可以通过全球疫苗和免疫联盟（GAVI）的支持获得救生疫苗。针对麻疹和小儿麻痹症的补充免疫活动继续为提供麻疹和小儿麻痹症疫苗以及其他挽救生命的干预措施提供了机会。 2006-2015年全球免疫远景和战略（GIVS框架）可以有效地用于指导各国应对一些尚待解决的挑战，以解决尚未达到的目标和扩大传统疫苗的覆盖面，为更多的人免疫更多的疾病，支持决策以引入新疫苗，并认识到通过具有成本效益的免疫计划在社区卫生方面进行投资的机会。应加强引进新疫苗，并将其用作加强卫生系统以及提供全面的初级卫生干预措施的手段，以积极应对不断增加的疾病负担并降低儿童总体死亡率。许多国家已通过全面的多年免疫计划（GIYP）来采用GIVS并使其运转。本文回顾了在GIVS和千年发展目标的背景下，在世卫组织非洲区域东部和南部次区域引进一些新疫苗的进展以及面临的挑战。

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