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首页> 外文期刊>Vaccine >Supercritical fluid extraction provides an enhancement to the immune response for orally-delivered hepatitis B surface antigen.
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Supercritical fluid extraction provides an enhancement to the immune response for orally-delivered hepatitis B surface antigen.

机译：超临界流体萃取增强了口服递送的乙型肝炎表面抗原的免疫反应。

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The hepatitis B virus continues to be a major pathogen worldwide despite the availability of an effective parenteral vaccine for over 20 years. Orally-delivered subunit vaccines produced in maize may help to alleviate the disease burden by providing a low-cost, heat-stable alternative to the parenteral vaccine. Oral subunit vaccination has been an elusive goal due to the large amounts of antigen required to induce an immunologic response when administered through the digestive tract. Here we show that high levels of HBsAg were obtained in maize grain, the grain was formed into edible wafers, and wafers were fed to mice at a concentration of approximately 300 micro g/g. When these wafers were made with supercritical fluid extraction (SFE)-treated maize material, robust IgG and IgA responses in sera were observed that were comparable to the injected commercial vaccine (RecombivaxReg.). In addition, all mice administered SFE wafers showed high secretory IgA titers in fecal material whereas RecombivaxReg. treated mice showed no detectable titer. Increased salivary IgA titers were also detected in SFE-fed mice but not in RecombivaxReg. treated mice. Wafers made from hexane-treated or full fat maize material induced immunologic responses, but fecal titers were attenuated relative to those produced by SFE-treated wafers. These responses demonstrate the feasibility of using a two-dose oral vaccine booster in the absence of an adjuvant to induce immunologic responses in both sera and at mucosal surfaces, and highlight the potential limitations of using an exclusively parenteral dosing regime.
机译：尽管有效的肠胃外疫苗已有20多年的历史，但乙型肝炎病毒仍是全球主要的病原体。玉米生产的口服亚单位疫苗可以通过提供低成本，热稳定的肠胃外疫苗替代品来减轻疾病负担。由于通过消化道给药时需要大量抗原来诱导免疫反应，因此口服亚单位疫苗接种一直是一个遥不可及的目标。在这里，我们表明在玉米谷物中获得了高水平的HBsAg，谷物被制成可食用的华夫饼，并且以大约300微克/克的浓度将华夫饼喂给小鼠。当用超临界流体萃取（SFE）处理的玉米材料制成这些威化饼时，可观察到血清中强大的IgG和IgA反应，与注射的商业疫苗（RecombivaxReg。）相当。此外，所有使用SFE晶片的小鼠在粪便中均显示高分泌IgA滴度，而RecombivaxReg。经处理的小鼠未显示可检测的滴度。在SFE喂养的小鼠中也检测到唾液IgA滴度增加，但在RecombivaxReg中未检测​​到。治疗的小鼠。由己烷处理过的或全脂玉米材料制成的威化饼可引起免疫反应，但相对于SFE处理的威化饼产生的粪便滴度较弱。这些反应证明了在没有佐剂的情况下使用两剂口服疫苗加强剂在血清和粘膜表面诱导免疫学反应的可行性，并强调了仅使用肠胃外给药方案的潜在限制。

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