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The history of the United States Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)

机译：美国免疫实践咨询委员会（ACIP）的历史

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摘要

The United States Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) is a federal advisory committee that develops written recommendations for use of vaccines licensed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the U.S. civilian population. Vaccine development and disease outbreaks contributed to the need for a systematized, science-based, formal mechanism for establishing national immunization policy in this country. Formed in 1964, the ACIP was charged with this role. The committee has undergone significant changes in structure and operational activities during its 50-year history. The ACIP works closely with many liaison organizations to develop its immunization recommendations, which are harmonized among key professional medical societies. ACIP vaccine recommendations form two immunization schedules, which are updated annually: (1) the childhood and adolescent immunization schedule and (2) the adult immunization schedule. Today, once ACIP recommendations are adopted by the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services, these recommendations are published in Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), become official policy, and are incorporated into the appropriate immunization schedule. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
机译：美国免疫实践咨询委员会（ACIP）是一个联邦咨询委员会，它针对美国平民制定使用食品和药物管理局（FDA）许可的疫苗的书面建议。疫苗的开发和疾病的爆发促使人们需要一种系统的，以科学为基础的正式机制来制定该国的国家免疫政策。 ACIP成立于1964年，负责这一角色。该委员会在其50年的历史中经历了结构和运营活动的重大变化。 ACIP与许多联络组织密切合作，以制定其免疫建议，这些建议在主要的专业医学学会之间得到了统一。 ACIP疫苗建议形成两个免疫计划，并每年更新一次：（1）儿童和青少年免疫计划;（2）成人免疫计划。如今，一旦疾病控制和预防中心主任以及卫生与公共服务部部长通过了ACIP建议，这些建议就会在《发病率和死亡率每周报告》（MMWR）中发布，成为官方政策，纳入适当的免疫时间表。由Elsevier Ltd.发布

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