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Comparison of initiation methods in the structure of CPAM and sludge flocs properties

机译：CPAM结构和污泥絮凝特性引发方法的比较

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Cationic polyacrylamides (CPAMs) synthesized by thermal, ultrasonic, microwave, and UV initiation were characterized through magnetic resonance hydrogen spectroscopy (H-1 NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectra, scanning electron microscopy, and thermal gravimetric analysis. The CPAMs for flocculation and dewatering of alum sludge produced through drinking water treatment were evaluated based on the residual turbidity of the supernatant, dry solid content, mean volume diameter and floc size distribution, fractal dimension of the flocs, and zeta potential as a function of flocculant dosage. Comparisons of the characteristics and performance of CPAMs synthesized through different initiation methods were systematically conducted. Flocculation and dewatering test results demonstrated that CPAMs synthesized through microwave and UV initiation had better flocculation performance and dewatering capability than those synthesized through thermal and ultrasonic initiation. All four CPAMs exhibited a similar final floc size distribution but different mean volume diameters and floc structures. The fractal dimension of the flocs and the zeta potential were in the following order: CPAM3 (microwave initiation) > CPAM4 (UV initiation)> CPAM1 (thermal initiation)> CPAM2 (ultrasonic initiation). Discussions on fractal dimension and zeta potential indicated that the electrostatic patches model and adsorption/bridging effect mechanisms played the main role in the formation of sludge flocs. Lastly, microwave and UV initiation were found to be alternative and recommendable initiation methods for the synthesis of CPAMs with improved flocculation performance and sludge dewatering capability. (C) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
机译：通过磁共振，氢谱（H-1 NMR），傅立叶变换红外光谱，扫描电子显微镜和热重分析，对通过热，超声，微波和紫外线引发合成的阳离子聚丙烯酰胺（CPAM）进行了表征。根据上清液的残留浊度，干固含量，平均体积直径和絮凝物的大小分布，絮凝物的分形维数和Zeta电位的函数，对饮用水处理产生的明矾污泥的絮凝和脱水进行CPAM评估。絮凝剂用量。系统地比较了通过不同引发方法合成的CPAM的特性和性能。絮凝和脱水测试结果表明，通过微波和紫外线引发合成的CPAM比通过热和超声引发合成的CPAM具有更好的絮凝性能和脱水能力。所有四个CPAM均显示出相似的最终絮体尺寸分布，但平均体积直径和絮体结构不同。絮状物的分形维数和ζ电势按以下顺序排列：CPAM3（微波引发）> CPAM4（紫外线引发）> CPAM1（热引发）> CPAM2（超声波引发）。关于分形维数和ζ电位的讨论表明，静电斑块模型和吸附/桥联作用机理在污泥絮凝物的形成中起主要作用。最后，发现微波和紫外线引发是替代的可推荐引发方法，用于合成具有改进的絮凝性能和污泥脱水能力的CPAM。 （C）2016威利期刊公司

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