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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Applied Polymer Science >Effect of titanium dioxide (TiO2) distribution and minute amounts of carbon black on the opacity of PVDF based white composite films
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Effect of titanium dioxide (TiO2) distribution and minute amounts of carbon black on the opacity of PVDF based white composite films

机译：二氧化钛（TiO2）分布和少量炭黑对PVDF基白色复合膜不透明度的影响

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摘要

There is a contradiction in making completely opaque and white plastic film with a required high TiO2 filling fraction, which resulted in inefficient pigment utilization and high cost. Two methods were used here to overcome the contradiction. Firstly, TiO2 was grafted with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) by atom transfer radical polymerization to improve the pigment dispersion in poly(vinylidene) fluoride (PVDF). Secondly, minute amounts of carbon black (CB) were added into the PMMA-g-TiO2/PVDF system to enhance opacity and decrease TiO2 fraction. The structure, morphology, and properties of PMMA-g-TiO2 hybrid particles and composite films were investigated by FTIR, TEM, TGA, SEM, DMA, covering power meter, and UV/VIS spectrophotometer, etc. It was observed that PMMA-g-TiO2 was dispersed uniformly as individual particles in PVDF due to the good compatibility between PMMA and PVDF. Therefore, the opacity of PMMA-g-TiO2/PVDF films was markedly higher than unmodified-TiO2/PVDF ones. Adding minute amounts of CB can significantly increase the opacity of the thin film due to its absorption effect on decreasing light transmittance. The contrast ratio (CR) of the PMMA-g-TiO2/PVDF film with 20 mu m thickness and 25 vol % TiO2 was 97.67%, lower than the critical CR 98% for a complete opacity, however, the CR of sample with 10 vol % TiO2 was 98.1% as the CB concentration was 2 x 10(-4) g/cm(3), saved more than 15% TiO2. We proposed that a critical thickness d(0) existed for the CB/PMMA-g-TiO2/PVDF composite films, under which the light reflectance increased as a function of thickness, otherwise, the reflectance kept constant. Besides, d(0) could be decreased by increasing CB concentration. (C) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
机译：制备完全不透明的白色塑料薄膜并要求高的TiO2填充率存在矛盾，这导致颜料利用效率低和成本高。这里使用了两种方法来克服矛盾。首先，通过原子转移自由基聚合将TiO2与聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）接枝，以改善颜料在聚偏二氟乙烯（PVDF）中的分散性。其次，将少量炭黑（CB）添加到PMMA-g-TiO2 / PVDF系统中，以增强不透明性并降低TiO2分数。通过FTIR，TEM，TGA，SEM，DMA，覆盖功率计，UV / VIS分光光度计等研究了PMMA-g-TiO2杂化颗粒和复合膜的结构，形貌和性能。观察到PMMA-g由于PMMA和PVDF之间的良好相容性，-TiO2作为单个颗粒均匀分散在PVDF中。因此，PMMA-g-TiO2 / PVDF膜的不透明度明显高于未改性的TiO2 / PVDF膜。由于其对降低透光率的吸收作用，添加微量的CB可以显着增加薄膜的不透明度。厚度为20μm，TiO2含量为25％的PMMA-g-TiO2 / PVDF薄膜的对比度（CR）为97.67％，低于完全不透明的临界CR 98％，但是，样品的CR为10当CB浓度为2 x 10（-4）g / cm（3）时，TiO2的体积百分比为98.1％，节省了15％以上的TiO2。我们提出，对于CB / PMMA-g-TiO2 / PVDF复合膜，存在临界厚度d（0），在该厚度下，光反射率随厚度增加而增加，否则反射率保持恒定。此外，通过增加CB浓度可以降低d（0）。 （C）2015年Wiley Periodicals，Inc.

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