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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of chromatography, A: Including electrophoresis and other separation methods >Analysis of polysulfides in drinking water distribution systems using headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
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Analysis of polysulfides in drinking water distribution systems using headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

机译：顶空固相微萃取和气相色谱-质谱法分析饮用水分配系统中的多硫化物

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摘要

Sulfide and polysulfides are strong nucleophiles and reducing agents that participate in many environmentally significant processes such as the formation of sulfide minerals and volatile organic sulfur compounds. Their presence in drinking water distribution systems are of particular concern and need to be assessed, since these species consume disinfectants and dissolved oxygen, react with metal ions to produce insoluble metal sulfides, and cause taste and odour problems. The analysis of sulfide and polysulfides in drinking water distribution systems is challenging due to their low concentrations, thermal instability and their susceptibility to undergo oxidation and disproportionation reactions. This paper reports on the development and optimisation of a rapid, simple, and sensitive method for the determination of sulfide and polysulfides in drinking water distribution systems. The method uses methyl iodide to derivatise sulfide and polysulfides into their corresponding dimethyl(poly)sulfides, which are then extracted using solid-phase microextraction in the headspace mode and analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Good sensitivity was achieved for the analysis of dimethyl(poly)sulfides, with detection limits ranging from 50 to 240ngL~(-1). The method also demonstrated good precision (repeatability: 3-7%) and good linearity over two orders of magnitude. Matrix effects from raw drinking water containing organic carbon (3.8mgL~(-1)) and from sediment material from a drinking water distribution system were shown to have no interferences in the analysis of dimethyl(poly)sulfides. The method provides a rapid, robust, and reliable mean to analyse trace levels of sulfides and polysulfides in aqueous systems. The new method described here is more accessible and user-friendly than methods based on closed-loop stripping analysis, which have been traditionally used for the analysis of these compounds. The optimised method was used to analyse samples collected from various locations in a drinking water distribution system. Some of the samples were shown to contain inorganic polysulfides, and their presence was associated with high sediment density in the system and the absence of disinfectant residual in the bulk water.
机译：硫化物和多硫化物是强亲核试剂和还原剂，它们参与许多对环境重要的过程，例如形成硫化物矿物和挥发性有机硫化合物。它们在饮用水分配系统中的存在尤其令人关注，需要进行评估，因为这些物种消耗消毒剂和溶解氧，与金属离子反应生成不溶性金属硫化物，并引起味道和气味问题。饮用水分配系统中的硫化物和多硫化物的分析具有挑战性，因为它们的浓度低，热不稳定且易于发生氧化和歧化反应。本文报道了一种快速，简单，灵敏的测定饮用水分配系统中硫化物和多硫化物的方法的开发和优化。该方法使用甲基碘将硫化物和多硫化物衍生化为相应的二甲基（多）硫化物，然后在顶空模式下使用固相微萃取将其萃取，并通过气相色谱-质谱法进行分析。对二甲基（聚）硫化物的分析具有良好的灵敏度，检测限为50至240ngL〜（-1）。该方法还显示出良好的精度（重复性：3-7％）和超过两个数量级的良好线性。结果表明，来自含有机碳（3.8mgL〜（-1））的原水和饮用水分配系统中沉积物的基质效应对二甲基（聚）硫化物的分析没有干扰。该方法提供了一种快速，可靠和可靠的方法来分析水性系统中痕量的硫化物和多硫化物。与传统上用于分析这些化合物的基于闭环溶出分析的方法相比，此处描述的新方法更易于访问和用户友好。该优化方法用于分析从饮用水分配系统中各个位置收集的样品。某些样品显示含有无机多硫化物，它们的存在与系统中较高的沉积物密度以及散装水中不残留消毒剂有关。

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