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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences >COMPOSITION OF THE TROPOSPHERE OVER THE INDIAN OCEAN DURING THE MONSOONAL TRANSITION
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COMPOSITION OF THE TROPOSPHERE OVER THE INDIAN OCEAN DURING THE MONSOONAL TRANSITION

机译：季风过渡期间印度洋上对流层的组成

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The atmosphere over the equatorial Indian Ocean is a unique environment in which to study the chemical and radiative effects of an intense source of anthropogenic emissions from the northern hemisphere directly coupled to the relatively pristine background conditions present in the southern hemisphere. As an initial investigation into the role of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) on interhemispheric transport of pollutants, a number of trace atmospheric species were measured aboard the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) R/V Malcolm Baldrige between Durban, South Africa, and Colombo, Sri Lanka, from March 12 to April 22, 1995. Sharp increases in the concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and aerosols were associated with four distinct meteorological regimes transected by the cruise track from 33 degrees S to 9 degrees N. Across the ITCZ, aerosol concentrations, including non-sea-salt sulfate, nitrate and ammonium, increased by a factor of 4. Surface ozone measurements showed a latitudinal gradient with a minimum near the equator and a strong diurnal variation in the equatorial regions. The latitudinal profile of gas-phase reactive nitrogen paralleled ozone and was higher in the remote southern hemisphere than in the remote northern hemisphere. Evidence of direct anthropogenic impact on the region was observed more than 1500 km from the southern tip of India. Back trajectories, calculated with NOAA's medium range forecast data using the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HY-SPLIT) program, identified the origin of the air mass regimes characterized by the trace gas and aerosol data. Continental emissions in the northern hemisphere were shown to have a major impact on the radiative properties and oxidizing capacity of the marine atmosphere. [References: 50]
机译：赤道印度洋上空的大气层是一个独特的环境，可在其中研究北半球强烈的人为排放源的化学和辐射效应，这些源直接与南半球相对原始的背景条件直接相关。作为对热带辐合带（ITCZ）在半球形污染物传播中的作用的初步调查，在南非德班之间的国家海洋与大气管理局（NOAA）R / V Malcolm Baldrige船上测量了许多痕量大气物种， 1995年3月12日至4月22日，以及斯里兰卡的科伦坡。一氧化碳（CO），二氧化碳（CO2）和气溶胶的浓度急剧增加，与从33度巡航路线横切的四种不同的气象体制有关S到N 9度。整个ITCZ，包括非海盐硫酸盐，硝酸盐和铵盐在内的气溶胶浓度增加了4倍。表面臭氧测量值显示纬度梯度，赤道附近的最小值最小，并且昼夜变化强烈在赤道地区。气相反应性氮的纬度分布与臭氧平行，并且在偏远的南半球比在偏远的北半球高。在距印度南端超过1500公里处观察到了对该地区直接人为影响的证据。利用NOAA的中程预报数据，使用混合单颗粒拉格朗日综合轨迹（HY-SPLIT）程序计算出的后向轨迹，确定了以痕量气体和气溶胶数据为特征的空气质量状况的起源。事实证明，北半球的大陆排放对海洋大气的辐射特性和氧化能力具有重大影响。 [参考：50]

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