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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences >The Global Modeling Initiative assessment model: Application to high-speed civil transport perturbation
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The Global Modeling Initiative assessment model: Application to high-speed civil transport perturbation

机译：全球建模倡议评估模型：应用于高速民用运输扰动

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The NASA Atmospheric Effects of Aviation Project (AEAP) Global Modeling Initiative (GMI) three-dimensional (3-D) chemical transport model (CTM) was applied to assess the impact of a fleet of high-speed civil transports (HSCTs) on abundances of stratospheric ozone, total inorganic nitrogen (NOy), and H2O. This model is specifically designed to incorporate a diversity of approaches to chemical and physical processes related to the stratosphere in a single computing framework, facilitating the analysis of model component differences, modeling intercomparison and comparison with data. A proposed HSCT fleet scenario was adopted, in which the aircraft cruise in the lower stratosphere, emitting nitrogen oxides (NOx) and water (H2O). The model calculated an HSCT-induced change in Northern and Southern Hemisphere total column ozone of +0.2% and +0.05%, respectively. This change is the result of a balance between an increase in local ozone below approximately 25 km and a decrease above this altitude. When compared to available NOy observations, we find that the model consistently underestimates lower stratospheric NOy. This discrepancy is consistent with the model bias toward less negative ozone impact, when compared to results from other models. Additional analysis also indicates that for an HSCT assessment it is equally important for a model to accurately represent the lower stratospheric concentrations of ozone and H2O. The GMI model yields good agreement In comparisons to ozone data For present-day conditions, while H2O is constrained by climatology as much as possible; thus no further biases would be expected from these comparisons. Uncertainties due to discrepancies in the calculated age of ail compared to that derived from measurements, and of the impact of emissions on heterogeneous and polar chemistry, are difficult to evaluate at this point. [References: 60]
机译：NASA航空项目大气效应（AEAP）全球建模倡议（GMI）三维（3-D）化学运输模型（CTM）用于评估高速民用运输（HSCT）机队对数量的影响平流层臭氧，总无机氮（NOy）和H2O的含量。该模型经过专门设计，在单个计算框架中将与平流层有关的化学和物理过程的多种方法结合在一起，从而便于分析模型组件差异，对模型进行比较以及与数据进行比较。通过了拟议的HSCT机队方案，其中飞机在低空平流层航行，排放出氮氧化物（NOx）和水（H2O）。该模型计算得出，HSCT诱导的北半球和南半球总柱臭氧变化分别为+ 0.2％和+ 0.05％。这种变化是在大约25 km以下的局部臭氧增加与在该高度以上的减少之间取得平衡的结果。与可用的NOy观测值相比，我们发现该模型始终低估了平流层较低的NOy。与其他模型的结果相比，这种差异与模型偏向于减少负面臭氧影响的趋势一致。额外的分析还表明，对于HSCT评估，准确地表示较低的平流层中臭氧和H2O浓度的模型同样重要。与臭氧数据相比，GMI模型产生了很好的一致性对于当前条件，H2O尽可能受到气候的限制;因此，根据这些比较，不会有更多的偏差。在这一点上，很难评估由于计算出的所有年龄与从测量得出的年龄之间的差异而引起的不确定性，以及排放对异质和极性化学的影响。 [参考：60]

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