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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences >Do plant species influence soil CO_2 and N_2O fluxes in a diverse tropical forest?
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Do plant species influence soil CO_2 and N_2O fluxes in a diverse tropical forest?

机译：植物物种是否会影响热带森林中土壤CO_2和N_2O的通量？

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摘要

To test whether plant species influence greenhouse gas production in diverse ecosystems, we measured wet season soil CO_2 and N _2O fluxes close to ～300 large (>35 cm in diameter at breast height (DBH)) trees of 15 species at three clay-rich forest sites in central Amazonia. We found that soil CO_2 fluxes were 38% higher near large trees than at control sites >10 m away from any tree (P < 0.0001). After adjusting for large tree presence, a multiple linear regression of soil temperature, bulk density, and liana DBH explained 19% of remaining CO _2 flux variability. Soil N_2O fluxes adjacent to Caryocar villosum, Lecythis lurida, Schefflera morototoni, and Manilkara huberi were 84%-196% greater than Erisma uncinatum and Vochysia maxima, both Vochysiaceae. Tree species identity was the most important explanatory factor for N _2O fluxes, accounting for more than twice the N_2O flux variability as all other factors combined. Two observations suggest a mechanism for this finding: (1) sugar addition increased N_2O fluxes near C. villosum twice as much (P < 0.05) as near Vochysiaceae and (2) species mean N_2O fluxes were strongly negatively correlated with tree growth rate (P = 0.002). These observations imply that through enhanced belowground carbon allocation liana and tree species can stimulate soil CO_2 and N _2O fluxes (by enhancing denitrification when carbon limits microbial metabolism). Alternatively, low N_2O fluxes potentially result from strong competition of tree species with microbes for nutrients. Species-specific patterns in CO_2 and N_2O fluxes demonstrate that plant species can influence soil biogeochemical processes in a diverse tropical forest.
机译：为了测试植物物种是否会影响多种生态系统中的温室气体排放，我们测量了三种富含粘土的15种树的湿季土壤CO_2和N _2O通量接近15种树种的〜300大（胸径直径大于35厘米）树木中亚马孙地区的森林遗址。我们发现，大树附近的土壤CO_2通量比距任何树木> 10 m的对照点高38％（P <0.0001）。调整大树的存在后，土壤温度，堆积密度和藤本植物DBH的多元线性回归解释了剩余CO _2通量变化的19％。与绒毛Carycar，洋毛Lecythis lurida，Schefflera morototoni和Manilkara huberi相邻的土壤N_2O通量分别比单一寄主植物Erisma uncinatum和Vochysia maxima大84％-196％。树种身份是N _2O通量最重要的解释因素，占所有其他因素组合的N _2 O通量变异性的两倍以上。有两个观察结果提示了这一发现的机制：（1）糖的添加使绒毛衣藻附近的N_2O通量增加了枫木科附近的N_2O通量的两倍（P <0.05），并且（2）物种平均的N_2O通量与树木生长速率呈极显着的负相关（P = 0.002）。这些观察结果暗示，通过增加地下碳的分配，藤本植物和树木可以刺激土壤CO_2和N _2O的通量（当碳限制微生物代谢时，通过增强反硝化作用）。另外，低N_2O通量可能是由于树种与微生物争夺养分的强烈竞争所致。 CO_2和N_2O通量中特定于物种的模式表明，植物物种可以影响多种热带森林中的土壤生物地球化学过程。

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