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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences >Management and climate contributions to satellite-derived active fire trends in the contiguous United States
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Management and climate contributions to satellite-derived active fire trends in the contiguous United States

机译：管理和气候对连续美国卫星衍生主动火势的贡献

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Fires in croplands, plantations, and rangelands contribute significantly to fire emissions in the United States, yet are often overshadowed by wildland fires in efforts to develop inventories or estimate responses to climate change. Here we quantified decadal trends, interannual variability, and seasonality of Terra Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) observations of active fires (thermal anomalies) as a function of management type in the contiguous U.S. during 2001-2010. We used the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity database to identify active fires within the perimeter of large wildland fires and land cover maps to identify active fires in croplands. A third class of fires defined as prescribed/other included all residual satellite active fire detections. Large wildland fires were the most variable of all three fire types and had no significant annual trend in the contiguous U.S. during 2001-2010. Active fires in croplands, in contrast, increased at a rate of 3.4% per year. Cropland and prescribed/other fire types combined were responsible for 77% of the total active fire detections within the U.S and were most abundant in the south and southeast. In the west, cropland active fires decreased at a rate of 5.9% per year, likely in response to intensive air quality policies. Potential evaporation was a dominant regulator of the interannual variability of large wildland fires, but had a weaker influence on the other two fire types. Our analysis suggests it may be possible to modify landscape fire emissions within the U.S. by influencing the way fires are used in managed ecosystems.
机译：在美国，农田，种植园和牧场的火灾是造成火灾排放的重要原因，但在开发清单或估算对气候变化的反应时，通常会被荒地火灾所掩盖。在这里，我们对2001-2010年间美国连续性活动中火（热异常）的Terra中分辨率成像光谱仪（MODIS）观测值的十年趋势，年际变化和季节性进行了量化。我们使用了“烧伤严重性监测趋势”数据库来识别大型野火和周边土地覆盖图中的活动性火灾，以识别农田中的活动性火灾。按规定/其他定义的第三类火灾包括所有剩余的卫星活动火灾探测。在这三种火灾中，大型野火是变化最大的，并且在2001-2010年期间，美国连续的野火没有明显的年度趋势。相反，农田的活跃火灾以每年3.4％的速度增长。农田和规定/其他类型的火灾加起来占美国境内主动火灾总数的77％，在南部和东南部最为丰富。在西部，农田烈火每年以5.9％的速度下降，这可能是由于实施了严格的空气质量政策。潜在蒸发是大型野火的年际变化的主要调节因子，但对其他两种火灾的影响较小。我们的分析表明，通过影响受控生态系统中火灾的使用方式，有可能在美国境内修改景观火灾的排放量。

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