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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences >Scaling up ecohydrological processes: Role of surface water flowin water-limited landscapes
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Scaling up ecohydrological processes: Role of surface water flowin water-limited landscapes

机译：扩大生态水文过程：地表水在有限水域景观中的作用

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In this study, we present a stochastic landscape modeling approach that has the powerto transfer and integrate existing information on vegetation dynamics and hydrologicalprocesses from the small scale to the landscape scale. To include microscale processes likeecohydrological feedback mechanisms and spatial exchange like surface water flow, wederive transition probabilities from a fine-scale simulation model. We applied two versionsof the landscape model, one that includes and one that disregards spatial exchange ofwater to the situation of a sustainably used research farm and communally used anddegraded rangeland in semiarid Namibia. Our simulation experiments show that includingspatial exchange of overland flow among vegetation patches into our model is aprecondition to reproduce vegetation dynamics, composition, and productivity, as well ashydrological processes at the landscape scale. In the model version that includes spatialexchange of water, biomass production at light grazing intensities increases 2.24-foldcompared to the model without overland flow. In contrast, overgrazing destabilizespositive feedbacks through vegetation and hydrology and decreases the number ofhydrological sinks in the model with overland flow. The buffer capacity of thesehydrological sinks disappears and runoff increases. Here, both models predicted runofflosses from the system and artificial droughts occurring even in years with goodprecipitation. Overall, our study reveals that a thorough understanding of overland flow isan important precondition for improving the management of semiarid and arid rangelandswith distinct topography.
机译：在这项研究中，我们提出了一种随机的景观建模方法，该方法具有转移和整合从小规模到景观尺度的现有植被动态和水文过程信息的能力。为了包括微观过程（如生态水文学反馈机制）和空间交换（如地表水流），应从精细规模的模拟模型得出推论性的转换概率。我们将两种版本的景观模型应用到一个模型中，其中一个包含一个模型，而另一个模型则不考虑水的空间交换，这适用于纳米比亚半干旱地区一个可持续利用的研究农场和公用土地以及退化的牧场。我们的模拟实验表明，将植被斑块之间的陆地流的空间交换包括到我们的模型中是在景观尺度上再现植被动态，组成和生产力以及水文过程的前提。在包括水的空间交换的模型版本中，与没有地面流量的模型相比，在轻度放牧强度下的生物量产量增加了2.24倍。相反，过度放牧破坏了植被和水文方面的正反馈，并减少了陆流模型中的水文汇。这些水文汇的缓冲能力消失，径流量增加。在这里，两个模型都预测了该系统的径流损失以及即使在良好降水的年份中也会发生的人为干旱。总体而言，我们的研究表明，全面了解陆流是改善具有独特地形的半干旱和干旱牧场管理的重要前提。

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