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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Molecular Biology >Antagonistic pleiotropy involving promoter sequences in a virus.
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Antagonistic pleiotropy involving promoter sequences in a virus.

机译：涉及病毒中启动子序列的拮抗多效性。

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Selection of specialist genotypes, that is, populations with limited niche width, promotes the maintenance of diversity. Specialization to a particular environment may have a cost in other environments, including fitness tradeoffs. When the tradeoffs are the result of mutations that have a beneficial effect in the selective environment but a deleterious effect in other environments, we have antagonistic pleiotropy. Alternatively, tradeoffs can result from the fixation of mutations that are neutral in the selective environment but have a negative effect in other environments, and thus the tradeoff is due to mutation accumulation. We tested the mechanisms underlying the fitness tradeoffs observed during adaptation to persistent infection of vesicular stomatitis virus in insect cells by sequencing the full-length genomes of 12 strains with a history of replication in a single niche (acute mammalian infection or persistent insect infection) or in temporally heterogeneous niches and correlated genetic and fitness changes. Ecological theory predicts a correlation between the selective environment and the niche width of the evolved populations, such that adaptation to single niches should lead to the selection of specialists and niche cycling should result in the selection of generalists. Contrary to this expectation, adaptation to one of the single niches resulted in a generalist and adaptation to a heterogeneous environment led to the selection of a specialist. Only one-third of the mutations that accumulated during persistent infection had a fitness cost that could be explained in all cases by antagonistic pleiotropy. Mutations involved in fitness tradeoffs included changes in regulatory sequences, particularly at the 3' termini of the genomes, which contain the single promoter that controls viral transcription and replication.
机译：选择专门的基因型，即适当的生态位宽度的种群，可以促进多样性的维持。在特定环境中进行专业化可能需要在其他环境中付出代价，包括适应性折衷。当权衡是在选择性环境中具有有益作用而在其他环境中具有有害作用的突变的结果时，我们具有拮抗多效性。备选地，权衡可以由固定在选择环境中为中性但在其他环境中具有负面影响的突变的固定导致，因此，权衡归因于突变积累。我们通过对在单个小生境中有复制史的12种菌株的全长基因组进行测序来测试适应昆虫性水疱性口炎病毒持续感染过程中观察到的适应性折衷的机制（急性哺乳动物感染或持续性昆虫感染）或在时间上异质的生态位以及相关的遗传和适应性变化。生态学理论预测，选择性环境与进化种群的生态位宽度之间存在相关性，因此，对单一生态位的适应应导致专家的选择，生态位循环应导致通才的选择。与这种期望相反，适应单一壁ni之一导致了通才，而适应异质环境导致选择了专家。在持续感染过程中积累的突变中，只有三分之一的适应性成本可以在所有情况下用拮抗多效性来解释。适应性折衷中涉及的突变包括调节序列的变化，特别是在基因组的3'末端，该序列包含控制病毒转录和复制的单个启动子。

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