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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Molecular Biology >One platform, five brands: How nature cuts the cost on riboswitches
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One platform, five brands: How nature cuts the cost on riboswitches

机译：一个平台，五个品牌：大自然如何降低核糖开关的成本

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摘要

Riboswitches regulate gene expression in cis in response to changing metabolite concentrations in cells. Since flavin mononucleotide112 and thiamine pyrophosphate1'3 sensing riboswitches were discovered in 2002, more than 20 classes of metabolite-responsive riboswitches have been identified, primarily controlling essential metabolic or virulence genes in bacteria. Riboswitches are typically found in the mRNA 5' untranslated region where they control expression usually by regulating premature transcription termination or translation initiation. Some riboswitches additionally control mRNA turnover4 or Rho-dependent termination.5 Regardless of their regulatory mechanism, the modular riboswitch structure is composed of an aptamer domain (ligand binding) and an effector domain (regulation). Ligand binding to the aptamer domain stabilizes an alternate structure and induces an effectordomain switch to turn gene expression on or off. Riboswitches offer an efficient and rapid means to respond to changing metabolic conditions in a cell.
机译：核糖开关响应细胞中代谢物浓度的变化来调节顺式基因表达。自从2002年发现黄素单核苷酸112和硫胺素焦磷酸1'3感测核糖开关以来，已鉴定出20多种代谢产物响应型核糖开关，主要控制细菌中必需的代谢或毒力基因。核糖开关通常在mRNA 5'非翻译区中发现，它们通常通过调节过早的转录终止或翻译起始来控制表达。一些核糖开关还控制mRNA转换4或Rho依赖性终止。5不管其调节机制如何，模块化核糖开关结构均由适体结构域（配体结合）和效应子结构域（调节）组成。配体与适体结构域的结合稳定了替代结构，并诱导效应子结构域开关以开启或关闭基因表达。核糖开关提供了一种对细胞中不断变化的代谢状况做出反应的有效而快速的手段。

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