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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Molecular Biology >Emerging role of the host restriction factor tetherin in viral immune sensing
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Emerging role of the host restriction factor tetherin in viral immune sensing

机译：宿主限制因子tetherin在病毒免疫传感中的新兴作用

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摘要

Tetherin (BST-2, CD317) is an interferon-inducible cellular factor that inhibits the release of diverse enveloped viruses by tethering them to the cell surface. Its importance in antiviral immunity is underscored by the observation that various viruses have evolved antagonists against this restriction factor. Accumulating evidence suggests that this is not only due to its ability to inhibit virus release but that tetherin also acts as an innate immune sensor of viral infections that activates NF-κB to induce an inflammatory response. Furthermore, tetherin modulates immune activation through interactions with the immunoglobulin-like transcript 7 (ILT7, LILRA4). This surface receptor is specifically expressed on plasmacytoid dendritic cells, which are the main producers of type I interferons in response to viral infections. Here, we summarize some of our current knowledge about the role of tetherin as a viral immune sensor and discuss how the accessory HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus type 1) Vpu protein counteracts this effect.
机译：Tetherin（BST-2，CD317）是一种干扰素诱导的细胞因子，可通过将多种包膜病毒束缚到细胞表面来抑制它们的释放。通过观察到各种病毒已经进化出针对该限制因子的拮抗剂，强调了其在抗病毒免疫中的重要性。越来越多的证据表明，这不仅是由于其抑制病毒释放的能力，而且系链素还充当病毒感染的先天免疫传感器，可激活NF-κB诱导炎症反应。此外，系链蛋白通过与免疫球蛋白样转录物7（ILT7，LILRA4）的相互作用来调节免疫激活。该表面受体在浆细胞样树突状细胞上特异性表达，浆细胞样树突状细胞是响应病毒感染的I型干扰素的主要产生者。在这里，我们总结了有关系链素作为病毒免疫传感器的作用的当前知识，并讨论了辅助HIV-1（人类免疫缺陷病毒1型）Vpu蛋白如何抵消这种作用。

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