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Antipsychotic drugs: evolving mechanisms of action with improved therapeutic benefits.

机译:抗精神病药:不断发展的作用机制,具有更好的治疗效果。

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摘要

One of the conundrums of neuropharmacology is to understand the therapeutic mechanisms of action of antipsychotic drugs. Every drug with antipsychotic activity is a dopamine (DA) D(2)-like receptor antagonist and therefore this function is critical to reducing psychotic symptoms. However, the actions of the archetypal atypical antipsychotic drug clozapine go beyond antipsychotic effects because the drug is efficacious in treating psychotic symptoms that do not respond to drugs mainly directed at antagonizing the DA D(2) receptor, has benefits in cognition and has recently been shown to reduce levels of suicide. A growing understanding of the mechanisms of clozapine and other atypical antipsychotic drugs suggests that both partial and inverse agonism, as well as receptor antagonism, at specific neurotransmitter receptors is required to give full therapeutic benefits. It is, therefore, timely to review the evolving nature of the mechanisms of action of different antipsychotic drugs.
机译:神经药理学的难题之一是了解抗精神病药作用的治疗机制。每种具有抗精神病活性的药物都是多巴胺(DA)D(2)样受体拮抗剂,因此该功能对于减轻精神病症状至关重要。但是,原型非典型抗精神病药物氯氮平的作用超出了抗精神病作用,因为该药物可有效治疗对主要针对拮抗DA D(2)受体的药物无反应的精神病症状,在认知方面具有优势,并且最近得到了认可可以减少自杀水平。对氯氮平和其他非典型抗精神病药物的机理的日益了解表明,需要特定神经递质受体的部分和反向激动作用以及受体拮抗作用才能发挥全部治疗作用。因此,有必要审查不同抗精神病药物作用机制的发展性质。

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