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首页> 外文期刊>Current drug targets. CNS and neurological disorders >Old and new drug targets in diabetic retinopathy: from biochemical changes to inflammation and neurodegeneration.
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Old and new drug targets in diabetic retinopathy: from biochemical changes to inflammation and neurodegeneration.

机译：糖尿病视网膜病变的新旧药物靶标：从生化变化到炎症和神经变性。

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Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a major complication of diabetes and is a leading cause of blindness in western countries. DR has been considered a microvascular disease, and the blood-retinal barrier breakdown is a hallmark of this disease. The available treatments are scarce and not very effective. Despite the attempts to control blood glucose levels and blood pressure, many diabetic patients are affected by DR, which progresses to more severe forms of disease, where laser photocoagulation therapy is needed. DR has a huge psychological impact in patients and tremendous economic and social costs. Taking this into account, the scientific community is committed to find a treatment to DR. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of DR will facilitate the development of strategies to prevent, or at least to delay the progression of the disease. The involvement of the polyol pathway, advanced glycation end products, protein kinase C and oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of DR is well-documented, and several clinical trials have been conducted to test the efficacy of various drugs. More recent findings also demonstrate that DR has characteristics of chronic inflammatory disease and neurodegenerative disease, which increases the opportunity of intervention at the pharmacological level. This review presents past and recent evidences demonstrating the involvement of different molecules and processes in DR, and how different approaches and pharmacological tools have been used to prevent retinal cell dysfunction.
机译：糖尿病性视网膜病（DR）是糖尿病的主要并发症，并且是西方国家失明的主要原因。 DR被认为是微血管疾病，血视网膜屏障的破坏是该疾病的标志。可用的治疗方法很少且效果不佳。尽管试图控制血糖水平和血压，但是许多糖尿病患者仍受到DR的影响，DR发展为更严重的疾病形式，需要激光光凝疗法。 DR对患者产生巨大的心理影响，并带来巨大的经济和社会成本。考虑到这一点，科学界致力于找到治疗DR的方法。了解DR发病机理的细胞和分子机制将有助于制定预防或至少延缓疾病进展的策略。文献记载了多元醇途径，晚期糖基化终产物，蛋白激酶C和氧化应激参与DR的发病机制，并且已经进行了多项临床试验来测试各种药物的功效。最近的发现还表明DR具有慢性炎症性疾病和神经退行性疾病的特征，这增加了在药理学水平上干预的机会。这篇综述提供了过去和最近的证据，这些证据证明了DR中不同分子和过程的参与，以及如何使用不同的方法和药理工具来预防视网膜细胞功能障碍。

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