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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Neurophysiology >Inhibition to retinal rod bipolar cells is regulated by light levels
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Inhibition to retinal rod bipolar cells is regulated by light levels

机译：视网膜棒双极细胞的抑制受光水平的调节

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摘要

The retina responds to a wide range of light stimuli by adaptation of retinal signaling to background light intensity and the use of two different photoreceptors: rods that sense dim light and cones that sense bright light. Rods signal to rod bipolar cells that receive significant inhibition from amacrine cells in the dark, especially from a rod bipolar cell-activated GABAergic amacrine cell. This inhibition modulates the output of rod bipolar cells onto downstream neurons. However, it was not clear how the inhibition of rod bipolar cells changes when rod signaling is limited by an adapting background light and cone signaling becomes dominant. We found that both light-evoked and spontaneous rod bipolar cell inhibition significantly decrease with light adaptation. This suggests a global decrease in the activity of amacrine cells that provide input to rod bipolar cells with light adaptation. However, inhibition to rod bipolar cells is also limited by GABAergic connections between amacrine cells, which decrease GABAergic input to rod bipolar cells. When we removed this serial inhibition, the light-evoked inhibition to rod bipolar cells remained after light adaptation. These results suggest that decreased inhibition to rod bipolar cells after light adaptation is due to decreased rod pathway activity as well as an active increase in inhibition between amacrine cells. Together these serve to limit rod bipolar cell inhibition after light adaptation, when the rod pathway is inactive and modulation of the signal is not required. This suggests an efficiency mechanism in the retina to limit unnecessary signaling.
机译：视网膜通过使视网膜信号适应背景光强度并使用两种不同的感光器来对各种光刺激作出响应，这两种感光器分别是：感知暗光的杆和感知亮光的视锥细胞。杆向杆双极细胞发出信号，该杆双极细胞在黑暗中受到来自无长素细胞的明显抑制，尤其是来自由杆双极细胞激活的GABA能的无长蛋白细胞。这种抑制作用将杆状双极细胞的输出调节到下游神经元上。然而，尚不清楚当杆状信号受适应性背景光限制且视锥细胞信号成为主导时，杆状双极细胞的抑制作用如何改变。我们发现光诱发和自发杆双极细胞抑制都随着光适应而显着降低。这暗示了无长突细胞的活性的整体降低，其向具有光适应性的杆状双极细胞提供输入。然而，对杆状双极细胞的抑制也受到无长突细胞之间GABA能连接的限制，其降低了杆状双极细胞的GABA能输入。当我们删除此系列抑制时，光适应后对杆状双极细胞的光诱发抑制仍然存在。这些结果表明，光适应后对杆状双极细胞的抑制作用降低是由于杆状途径活性降低以及无长突霉素细胞之间抑制作用的主动增加所致。当杆通路不活动且不需要信号调制时，这些共同作用可限制光适应后杆双极细胞的抑制。这暗示了视网膜中的有效机制以限制不必要的信号传导。

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