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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Neurophysiology >Biophysical determinants of transcranial magnetic stimulation: effects of excitability and depth of targeted area
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Biophysical determinants of transcranial magnetic stimulation: effects of excitability and depth of targeted area

机译：经颅磁刺激的生物物理决定因素：兴奋性和目标区域深度的影响

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Safe and effective transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) requires accurate intensity calibration. Output is typically calibrated to individual motor cortex excitability and applied to nonmotor brain areas, assuming that it captures a site nonspecific factor of excitability. We tested this assumption by correlating the effect of TMS at motor and visual cortex. In 30 participants, we measured motor threshold (MT) and phosphene threshold (PT) at the scalp surface and at coil-scalp distances of 3.17, 5.63, and 9.03 mm. We also modeled the effect of TMS in a simple head model to test the effect of distance. Four independent tests confirmed a significant correlation between PT and MT. We also found similar effects of distance in motor and visual areas, which did not correlate across participants. Computational modeling suggests that the relationship between the effect of distance and the induced electric field is effectively linear within the range of distances that have been explored empirically. We conclude that MT-guided calibration is valid for nonmotor brain areas if coil-cortex distance is taken into account. For standard figure-of-eight TMS coils connected to biphasic stimulators, the effect of cortical distance should be adjusted using a general correction factor of 2.7% stimulator output per millimeter.
机译：安全有效的经颅磁刺激（TMS）需要精确的强度校准。假设输出捕获了一个位置非特定的兴奋性因素，则通常将输出校准到各个运动皮层的兴奋性并应用于非运动性大脑区域。我们通过关联TMS对运动和视觉皮层的影响，测试了这一假设。在30位参与者中，我们在头皮表面以及线圈头皮距离为3.17、5.63和9.03 mm处测量了运动阈值（MT）和阈值（PT）。我们还通过简单的头部模型对TMS的效果进行了建模，以测试距离的效果。四个独立的测试证实了PT和MT之间的显着相关性。我们还发现了运动和视觉区域中距离的类似影响，参与者之间没有相关性。计算模型表明，距离的影响与感应电场之间的关系在根据经验进行探索的距离范围内实际上是线性的。我们得出的结论是，如果考虑到线圈皮层距离，MT引导的校准对非运动脑区域有效。对于连接到双相刺激器的标准八字形TMS线圈，应使用每毫米2.7％刺激器输出的一般校正系数来调整皮层距离的影响。

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