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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Neurophysiology >The strength of attentional biases reduces as visual short-term memory load increases
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The strength of attentional biases reduces as visual short-term memory load increases

机译：随着视觉短期记忆负荷的增加，注意偏见的强度降低

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Despite our visual system receiving irrelevant input that competes with task-relevant signals, we are able to pursue our perceptual goals. Attention enhances our visual processing by biasing the processing of the input that is relevant to the task at hand. The top-down signals enabling these biases are therefore important for regulating lower level sensory mechanisms. In three experiments, we examined whether we apply similar biases to successfully maintain information in visual short-term memory (VSTM). We presented participants with targets alongside distracters and we graded their perceptual similarity to vary the extent to which they competed. Experiments 1 and 2 showed that the more items held in VSTM before the onset of the distracters, the more perceptually distinct the distracters needed to be for participants to retain the target accurately. Experiment 3 extended these behavioral findings by demonstrating that the perceptual similarity between target and distracters exerted a significantly greater effect on occipital alpha amplitudes, depending on the number of items already held in VSTM. The trade-off between VSTM load and target-distracter competition suggests that VSTM and perceptual competition share a partially overlapping mechanism, namely top-down inputs into sensory areas.
机译：尽管我们的视觉系统收到与任务相关信号竞争的无关输入，但我们仍能够追求我们的感知目标。注意通过偏向与手头任务相关的输入处理来增强我们的视觉处理能力。因此，导致这些偏差的自上而下的信号对于调节较低水平的感觉机制很重要。在三个实验中，我们检查了是否应用类似的偏见来成功地在视觉短期记忆（VSTM）中维护信息。我们为参与者提供了与干扰因素并列的目标，并对他们的知觉相似性进行分级，以改变他们竞争的程度。实验1和2表明，在干扰物出现之前，VSTM中保存的项目越多，感知力上就越需要干扰物才能使参与者准确地保留目标。实验3通过证明目标物和干扰物之间的知觉相似性对枕骨α幅度产生了明显更大的影响，从而扩展了这些行为发现，具体取决于VSTM中已保存的项数。 VSTM负荷与目标干扰物竞争之间的权衡表明，VSTM和知觉竞争共享部分重叠的机制，即自上而下输入到感觉区域。

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