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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Neurophysiology >Can modular strategies simplify neural control of multidirectional human locomotion?
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Can modular strategies simplify neural control of multidirectional human locomotion?

机译：模块化策略可以简化多方向人类运动的神经控制吗？

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Each human lower limb contains over 50 muscles that are coordinated during locomotion. It has been hypothesized that the nervous system simplifies muscle control through modularity, using neural patterns to activate muscles in groups called synergies. Here we investigate how simple modular controllers based on invariant neural primitives (synergies or patterns) might generate muscle activity observed during multidirectional locomotion. We extracted neural primitives from unilateral electromyo-graphic recordings of 25 lower limb muscles during five locomotor tasks: walking forward, backward, leftward and rightward, and stepping in place. A subset of subjects also performed five variations of forward (unidirectional) walking: self-selected cadence, fast cadence, slow cadence, tiptoe, and uphill (20% incline). We assessed the results in the context of dimensionality reduction, defined here as the number of neural signals needing to be controlled. For an individual task, we found that modular architectures could theoretically reduce dimensionality compared with independent muscle control, but we also found that modular strategies relying on neural primitives shared across different tasks were limited in their ability to account for muscle activations during multi- and unidirectional locomotion. The utility of shared primitives may thus depend on whether they can be adapted for specific task demands, for instance, by means of sensory feedback or by being embedded within a more complex sensorimotor controller. Our findings indicate the need for more sophisticated formulations of modular control or alternative motor control hypotheses in order to understand muscle coordination during locomotion.
机译：每个人的下肢都包含超过50条在运动过程中协调的肌肉。据推测，神经系统通过模块化来简化肌肉控制，使用神经模式来激活称为协同作用的组中的肌肉。在这里，我们研究了基于不变的神经原语（协同作用或模式）的简单模块化控制器如何产生在多向运动中观察到的肌肉活动。我们从五项运动任务中向前走，向后，向左和向右走动以及到位的五个步骤中，从25个下肢肌肉的单侧肌电图记录中提取了神经元。一部分受试者还进行了五种向前（单向）行走的变体：自行选择的节奏，快节奏，慢节奏，脚尖和上坡（倾斜20％）。我们在降维的情况下评估了结果，降维此处定义为需要控制的神经信号的数量。对于单个任务，我们发现与独立的肌肉控制相比，模块化体系结构在理论上可以降低尺寸，但是我们还发现，依赖于跨不同任务共享的神经元的模块化策略在解释多向和单向过程中肌肉激活的能力方面受到限制运动。因此，共享原语的效用可能取决于它们是否适合于特定任务需求，例如，通过感官反馈还是通过嵌入更复杂的感官电机控制器中。我们的发现表明，需要更复杂的模块化控制或其他运动控制假设来理解运动过程中的肌肉协调性。

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