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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Neurophysiology >High-frequency neural activity predicts word parsing in ambiguous speech streams
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High-frequency neural activity predicts word parsing in ambiguous speech streams

机译：高频神经活动预测歧义语音流中的单词解析

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摘要

During speech listening, the brain parses a continuous acoustic stream of information into computational units (e.g., syllables or words) necessary for speech comprehension. Recent neuroscientific hypotheses have proposed that neural oscillations contribute to speech parsing, but whether they do so on the basis of acoustic cues (bottom-up acoustic parsing) or as a function of available linguistic representations (top-down linguistic parsing) is unknown. In this magnetoencephalography study, we contrasted acoustic and linguistic parsing using bistable speech sequences. While listening to the speech sequences, participants were asked to maintain one of the two possible speech percepts through volitional control. We predicted that the tracking of speech dynamics by neural oscillations would not only follow the acoustic properties but also shift in time according to the participant's conscious speech percept. Our results show that the latency of high-frequency activity (specifically, beta and gamma bands) varied as a function of the perceptual report. In contrast, the phase of low-frequency oscillations was not strongly affected by top-down control. Whereas changes in low-frequency neural oscillations were compatible with the encoding of prelexical segmentation cues, high-frequency activity specifically informed on an individual's conscious speech percept.
机译：在语音收听期间，大脑将连续的声音信息流解析为语音理解所必需的计算单元（例如，音节或单词）。最近的神经科学假设已经提出，神经振荡有助于语音解析，但是尚不清楚它们是基于声音提示（自下而上的声音解析）还是作为可用语言表示的功能（自上而下的语言解析）。在这项脑磁图研究中，我们对比了使用双稳态语音序列进行的声学和语言解析。在听语音序列时，要求参与者通过自主控制保持两种可能的语音感知之一。我们预测，神经振动对语音动力学的跟踪不仅会遵循声学特性，还会根据参与者的有意识语音感知在时间上发生变化。我们的结果表明，高频活动的潜伏期（特别是β和γ谱带）随感知报告的变化而​​变化。相反，自上而下的控制不会严重影响低频振荡的相位。低频神经振荡的变化与词首句分段提示的编码兼容，而高频活动则特别根据个人的有意识语音感知来告知。

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