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首页> 外文期刊>Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity >Humanized mouse models to study human diseases.
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Humanized mouse models to study human diseases.

机译：人性化的小鼠模型用于研究人类疾病。

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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Update on humanized mouse models and their use in biomedical research. RECENT FINDINGS: The recent description of immunodeficient mice bearing a mutated IL-2 receptor gamma chain (IL2rgamma) facilitated greatly the engraftment and function of human hematolymphoid cells and other cells and tissues. These mice permit the development of human immune systems, including functional T and B cells, following engraftment of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). The engrafted functional human immune systems are capable of T and B cell-dependent immune responses, antibody production, antiviral responses, and allograft rejection. Immunodeficient IL2rgamma(null) mice also support heightened engraftment of primary human cancers and malignant progenitor cells, permitting in-vivo investigation of pathogenesis and function. In addition, human-specific infectious agents for which animal models were previously unavailable can now be studied in vivo using these new-generation humanized mice. SUMMARY: Immunodeficient mice bearing an IL2rgamma(null) mutated gene can be engrafted with functional human cells and tissues, including human immune systems, following engraftment with human hematolymphoid cells. These mice are now used as in-vivo models to study human hematopoiesis, immunity, regeneration, stem cell function, cancer, and human-specific infectious agents without putting patients at risk.
机译：审查目的：人性化的小鼠模型及其在生物医学研究中的应用的更新。最近的发现：对携带突变的IL-2受体γ链（IL2rgamma）的免疫缺陷小鼠的最新描述极大地促进了人类血淋巴样细胞以及其他细胞和组织的植入和功能。在植入造血干细胞（HSC）后，这些小鼠允许发展人类免疫系统，包括功能性T和B细胞。植入的功能性人体免疫系统能够进行T细胞和B细胞依赖性免疫反应，抗体产生，抗病毒反应和同种异体移植排斥。免疫缺陷的IL2rgamma（null）小鼠也支持原发性人类癌症和恶性祖细胞的更高植入率，从而可以进行发病机理和功能的体内研究。此外，现在可以使用这些新一代人源化小鼠在体内研究以前无法获得动物模型的人特异性传染原。摘要：携带IL2rgamma（null）突变基因的免疫缺陷小鼠可在植入人血淋巴样细胞后植入功能性人体细胞和组织，包括人体免疫系统。这些小鼠现在被用作体内模型来研究人类造血功能，免疫力，再生能力，干细胞功能，癌症和人类特异性感染因子，而不会使患者处于危险之中。

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